A solar desalination plant containing separate chambers for evaporation and condensation with air heating after the condenser. Part 2. Calculating the operation mode of the plant and condenser parameters

A concept for improving the physical and technical indices of solar desalination by means of forced convection is examined. The dependences of the evaporation rate on water temperature, air temperature and velocity are calculated.

Safe drinking water for the coastal areas of Bangladesh has become a big challenge. Arsenic adulteration and salinity intrusion in surface water body has accelerated the scarcity of water in the coastal region. As situation ameliorating and also investment for water-borne diseases is decreasing, it becomes the major threat for a third-world country like Bangladesh. There are lots of alternatives for water supply but there are also a huge number of constraints. Most of the traditional dug wells (DW), ring wells (RW) and alternative pond sand filters (PSF) are now inoperative due to shortage of fresh surface water body and also adequate maintenance. Except a few, most of the shallow tube wells (STW) and deep tube wells (DTW) in coastal areas face arsenic (As) contamination. There could be a blended solution for these problems based on existing situation, constraint, hydrogeology and individual’s economy. Different kinds of filters, reverse osmosis (RO), solar desalination plants (low-cost and small scale) and fuel-powered desalination plants (high-cost and large scale), etc., would be a good solution for mitigation of these problems. Solar PSF and rain water harvesting (RWH) might be an effective solution for some areas, respectively where fresh water and rainfall is abundant. Keywords: Arsenic contamination, salinity intrusion, climate change, pond sand filter, rain water harvesting, desalination, natural disaster

Constructal design of distributed energy systems: Solar power and water desalination

Solar desalination: A review of recent developments in environmental, regulatory and economic issues

Operation experience with solar powered 10 M3 per day MSF-plant in Kuwait and results of upscaling experiments

Operation experience with solar powered 10 M3 per day MSF-plant in Kuwait and results of upscaling experiments

Performance simulation of the heat accumulator of the Abu Dhabi Solar Desalination Plant

Performance evaluation of a solar multi-stage humidification dehumidification desalination plant with heat recovery section

This paper examines the numerical analysis of the transient analysis of solar desalination and the effect of climatic conditions on its performance. The solar water desalination plant is intended to convert the salt water of the seas and lakes into fresh water. TRNSYS software is used for simulation. In order to study the effect of weather conditions on the efficiency of solar water desalination, the cities of Bandar Abbas, Bushehr, Isfahan, Hamedan, Kerman, Mashhad, Tabriz, Zahedan and Tehran have been considered. The effect of solar collector area and auxiliary heater power on solar water desalination efficiency has been investigated. The results show that with increasing collector area and auxiliary heater power, the outlet water temperature of the collector increases. Carbon dioxide production has decreased by about 4.5-8.6% compared to diesel desalination. Using the analytic hierarchy process decision-making algorithm, the best location for installing the desalination plant has been selected based on the two criteria of solar water desalination efficiency and distance from the sea. Bushehr city is in the first place with 75% efficiency and Tabriz city is in the second place with 61% efficiency.

Solar-powered desalination offers a promising and sustainable method for producing potable water. In this study, the heating column of a solar desalination powerplant is numerically investigated under different novel geometric/structure scenarios, various solar/ambient conditions and different seawater salinity through different time steps. The primary objective is to identify the optimal configuration that maximizes water evaporation within the heating cylinder which has not been carried out before. Initially, four distinct heating cylinder configurations are examined under a fixed time step. The most promising configuration is then selected and evaluated under a broader range of ambient conditions and the same time step. The influence of solar radiation throughout the day is also analyzed. Finally, the evaporation process is simulated for the selected geometrical and environmental conditions across different time steps ranging from 60 to 300 s. The findings reveal that incorporating fins alone, a glass cover alone, and a combination of both fins and a glass cover could enhance the volume fraction of vapor by approximately 8 %, 33.3 % and 10.6 %, respectively, compared to the baseline configuration without fins or a glass cover. However, the evaporation rate for the glass cover configuration increased with rising ambient air temperature. Additionally, the highest evaporation is observed at 15:00 p.m., corresponding to the peak solar radiation intensity. Under optimal conditions, the heating cylinder achieved a promising vapor volume fraction of approximately 78.2 % after 300 s. These findings offer valuable insights for optimizing solar desalination system design. By increasing the salinity of the water from 0 to 75 %, the value of steam volume fraction is reduced from 77 % to 60 % for a given time step.

Solar power and desalination plant for carbon black industry: Improvised techniques

In India, continuous production of electricity and sweet/potable water from Solar power and desalination plant plays a major role in the industries. Particularly in Copper industry, Solar power adopts Solar field collector combined with thermal storage system and steam Boiler, Turbine & Generator (BTG) for electricity production and desalination plant adopts Reverse osmosis (RO) for sweet/potable water production which cannot be used for long hours of power generation and consistency of energy supply for industrial processes and power generation cannot be ensured. This paper presents an overview of enhanced technology for Solar power and Desalination plant for Copper industry making it continuous production of electricity and sweet/potable water. The conventional technology can be replaced with this proposed technique in the existing and upcoming industries.

A new visual library for design and simulation of solar desalination systems (SDS)

The investigation of a novel solar energy desalination plant is the subject of this paper. In this plant, the evaporation occurs at low pressure and temperature. The novelty of the process lies in the reduction of the pressure simply due to the height of the evaporator. A mathematical model was developed and a prototype plant was constructed and tested by varying the heat input, evaporator pressure and feedwater flowrate at different working temperatures. Experimental results are very close to the theoretical results and indicate the validity of the model and the potential of the system. Copyright , Manchester University Press.

Thermo-economic analysis of a solar multi-effect distillation plant installed at the Plataforma Solar de Almeria (Spain)