A sociophonetic study of creaky voice across language, gender and age in Canadian English-French bilinguals

This study examined the influence of social status and gender on using voice affectation. The aim of this study is to find out the sociophonetic strategies that are used to convey voice affectation, show which strategies were more frequently used, and discovering the important roles of social status and gender in using voice affectation. The main conclusion of the study was that creaky voice, the frequent use of filler words, and uptalk were the sociophonetic strategies that were used to convey voice affectation. It can also be concluded that, through social status, these affected characters see themselves as influential people in society and their followers imitate their actions; as a result, this leads them to being affected personalities. Moreover, both genders used affectation, but they differ in the strategies that are used to convey voice affectation.