Abstract
In this study, we propose a mesh-free (particle-based) Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics model for simulating a Rayleigh collapse. Both empty and gas cavities are investigates and the role of heat diffusion is also accounted for. The system behaves very differently according to the ratio between the characteristic time of collapse and the characteristic time of thermal diffusion. This study identifies five different possible behaviours that range from isothermal to adiabatic.
Highlights
The term “cavitation” describes a phenomenon composed by two distinct phases: first, a vapour cavity, called vapour bubble or void, develops and rapidly grows in a liquid phase; subsequently, the vapour cavity rapidly collapses generating strong shock waves.Cavitation causes erosion and it is mostly undesirable in engineering applications such as turbo-machines, propellers, and fuel injectors [1,2,3]
This study proposes the first Smoothed Particle hydrodynamics (SPH) model simulating a Rayleigh collapse of a cavity filled with non-condensable gas induced by abruptly change in pressure
The max pressure calculated is around 120 MPa. This value is one order of magnitude lower than the theoretical value calculated by Hickling and Plesset [68] for the 3D collapse, but this difference is consistent with the fact that our model refers to a 2D collapse [67, 69]
Summary
Cavitation causes erosion and it is mostly undesirable in engineering applications such as turbo-machines, propellers, and fuel injectors [1,2,3]. Other applications such as ultrasonic cleaning or cataract surgery [4,5,6] are designed to take advantage of the erosion power of the collapsing bubble. During the Rayleigh collapse, the collapse is driven by the pressure difference between the surrounding liquid and the cavity In this case, if the pressure field is perfectly isotropic, the bubble maintains a spherical shape during the whole duration of the collapse. The spherical shape is not preserved and the bubble folds in the shock direction
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