Abstract
Mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) is a nuclear-encoded mitochondrial protein that plays an important role in energy metabolism and is a candidate gene for fat deposition in cattle and human. In the present study, we characterized the methylation status of bovine TFAM promoter flanking the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs42159487C>T, previously reported to affect fat deposition. Our results showed that the cytosine at this SNP position is methylated and therefore results in gain/loss of the functional CpG locus (5mC>T). Promoter constructs developed based on three TFAM SNPs showed that the C/C/C haplotype associated with fat deposition in beef cattle had lower promoter function/activity than A/T/T haplotype. Our results imply that genetic variability underlying gain/loss of the CpG sites in the nuclear-encoded mitochondrial proteins might be good candidate loci for fat deposition phenotypes.
Highlights
50 % of gene transcripts encoding mitochondrial proteins decrease with the onset of obesity (Wilson-Fritch et al 2003)
A third mutation rs42159487C>T transition was detected in the bovine TFAM promoter region, which showed significant association with beef marbling score (BMS), subcutaneous fat depth (SFD), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (Jiang et al, 2006)
Since the third TFAM gene polymorphism rs42159487C>T resides within a CG dinucleotide of the promoter region we aimed this study to determine the methylation status of the CG dinucleotide to discover if gain/loss of the DNA methylation could be a causative factor associated with fat deposition traits in cattle
Summary
50 % of gene transcripts encoding mitochondrial proteins decrease with the onset of obesity (Wilson-Fritch et al 2003). Mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) is a strong candidate gene related to fat deposition in mammals (Jiang et al 2005). Acta argiculturae Slovenica, 108/2, 65–69, Ljubljana 2016 ous study showed significant associations of two closely linked TFAM promoter polymorphisms rs42159489A>C and rs42159488C>T with carcass, meat quality and fat deposition/composition in Wagyu x Limousin F2 crosses (Jiang et al 2005).
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