Abstract
Currently, the medical use of food supplements containing Cannabis sativa has attracted the interest of consumers, as well as the medical and scientific community. With the increasing consumption of these products, there is also a risk of their abuse or discrepancy between the actual and declared contents of active substances by the manufacturer in these products. Thus, the development and elaboration of analytical procedures for determination of appropriate phytocannabinoids seems to be important. This work focuses on the development of a simple, fast and environmentally friendly liquid-liquid extraction method combined with fat freezing from an oil sample to isolate two phytocannabinoids: cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabidiolic acid (CBDA). The extraction method was optimized considering efficacy and repeatability of extraction, as well as minimalizing use of organic reagents and sample amount. Under the optimized conditions, extraction recovery for CBD was 97.3–109% and for CBDA was 69.1–69.5% with precision (RSD, %) 5.0–8.4 and 7.1–10.6, respectively. The evaluated main analytical parameters of the developed high pressure liquid chromatography with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) method for both studied cannabinoids are satisfactory. The usability of the developed method was checked by analysis of real samples of a food supplement–hemp oil enriched with CBD.
Highlights
Cannabis sativa, which belongs to botanical family Cannabaceae, is one of the oldest plants known from its therapeutic properties
Depending on the contents of certain cannabis ingredients, especially delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol (CBD), cannabis preparations can be divided into recreational cannabis and medical cannabis
Teflon filterworks with our sample preparation method, extraction recovery for more polar cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) was lower than this reported by other
Summary
Cannabis sativa, which belongs to botanical family Cannabaceae, is one of the oldest plants known from its therapeutic properties. It is known that cannabis has a multidirectional and diverse activity; it acts as a painkiller, anxiolytic, and muscle relaxant, as well as possibly having sedative, anti-cancer, or appetite-stimulating effects [2]. They are used more and more often for the treatment of multiple sclerosis, neuropathic pain, chronic pain associated with rheumatoid inflammation joints, and migraine, as well as in cancer patients treated with chemotherapy, in mood disorders, and inflammatory diseases [3]. A medical cannabis should contain delta 9-THC at very low concentration level, usually at 0.2–0.3% w/w, and its main components are CBD and its precursor CBDA
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