Abstract
A simple method was developed to extract time of arrival information from overlapping direct and reflected acoustic signals using an autocorrelation algorithm in order to localize marine mammals with the direct-reflected time difference of arrival (DRTD) technique. DRTD has up to now been limited to pulsed signals such as whale or dolphin clicks where individual direct and reflected signal arrival times are separated in time and thus easily identified. Using autocorrelation, longer duration signals such as a frequency sweep or whale up-call could be analyzed by DRTD, expanding its compatibility to a larger range of signal types. This correlation-modified DRTD technique was applied to simulated and previously acquired experimental data. Both the simulations and experiments represented localization cases involving bottom-mounted receivers with a single acoustic source at multiple known locations. Experimental data came from autonomous acoustic recording units deployed in the Stellwagen National Marine Sanctuary with an acoustic transducer used to broadcast frequency sweeps.
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