A Severe Case of Spondylometaphyseal Dysplasia Algerian Type with Two Mutations in COL2A1.

Abstract

Spondylometaphyseal dysplasia Algerian type (MIM no.: 184253) is an uncommon autosomal dominant skeletal dysplasia caused by heterozygous mutations in the COL2A1 gene (MIM no.: 120140). In this case based review, we reported a 5-year-old boy with short stature, severe dorsolumbar scoliosis, lumbar hyperlordosis, short trunk, and severe genu valgum . Radiological examination showed platyspondyly, irregular metaphyseal radiolucencies intermingled with radiodensities, and corner fractures. The patient has a c.3275G > A; p.Gly1092Asp mutation in exon 47 of the COL2A1 gene and a variant of unknown significance in c.1366-13C > A in intron 21. This latter sequence variant could partially or completely disrupt the natural splice acceptor site of intron 21/exon 22 in the COL2A1 gene leading to a potential modification of the phenotypic severity.