Abstract
The present study attempts to examine the referring expressions in Chapter 30 (Amma part) of the Holy Qur'an. It aims at identifying the referring expressions of Paradise and Hell involved in Amma part in particular. The study also attempts to investigate which of the two entities (Paradise and Hell) of the referring expressions have been referred to more. The study implements quantitative and qualitative methods to classify and analyse the referring expressions. In order to classify and describe the referring expressions, a content analysis checklist is utilized to categorize the referring expressions. The findings of the study reveal that there are 54 referring expressions of Paradise and Hell in Amma part, where 35 referring expressions refer to Hell representing 65%, and 19 referring expressions refer to Paradise representing 35%. The findings reveal that the referring expressions of Paradise and Hell contribute significantly to persuading people to follow the teaching of Islam in order to go to Paradise and dissuading them from rejecting them, ending up in Hell.
Highlights
1 The Holy Qur’an is the eternal book revealed to Prophet Mohammed, peace be upon him (PBUH), which is considered to be his everlasting miracle
Findings and Discussion This study attempts to answer two research questions that revolve around identifying the referring expressions that are used in Chapter 30 (Amma part) of the Holy Qur'an that refer to Paradise and Hell, and to which of the two entities (Paradise and Hell) these referring expressions refer to more frequently
The findings of this study are presented according to the Surah name and the referring expressions found to Paradise and Hell in each Surah
Summary
1 The Holy Qur’an is the eternal book revealed to Prophet Mohammed, peace be upon him (PBUH), which is considered to be his everlasting miracle. It is characterised by its noble meanings and strength of statements. Dr Bilal Philips defined it as the word “Qur’an,” a verbal noun, is equivalent in meaning to “qiraa’ah,” as both come from the verb “qara’a” which means “to read.”. Qur’an literally means “a reading or reciting”. The term “Qur’an” has been historically used to refer to the book which was revealed to Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). The Qur’an could be defined as Allah’s words which were revealed in Arabic in a rhythmical form to Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). Its recitation is used in acts of worship and its smallest Chapter (Surah) is of a miraculous nature
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