Abstract
Two approaches to the problem of human fallibility exist: the person and the system approaches. The person approach focuses on the errors of individuals, blaming them for forgetfulness, inattention, or moral weakness. The system approach concentrates on the conditions under which individuals work and tries to build defences to avert errors or mitigate their effects (James Reason BMJ 2000;320:768–770 (18 March). Risk management techniques have been developing in the healthcare sector for the last 20 years. The Australian New Zealand standard of risk management (SA/SNZ 1999) has provided a basis for action in this area. This standard incorporates the framework of establishing the context of risk, risk identification, risk analysis, risk evaluation and risk treatment, with continuous communication and monitoring. Various travel scenarios can be evaluated using the risk framework, from individual traveler, the tourism operator, the host country and the travel industry as a whole.
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