Abstract
The tetravalent manganese Mn4+ ions with a 3d3 electron configuration as luminescence centers in solid-state inorganic compounds have been widely investigated because they emit bright light in the red to far-red region when they are excited by light with a wavelength in the UV to blue light region. Herein, we present an overview of the recent developments of Mn4+ and multiple ion such as Bi3+ and rare earth ion Dy3+, Nd3+, Yb3+, Er3+, Ho3+, and Tm3+ codoped complex oxide phosphors. Most of the specified host lattices of these complex oxide phosphors possess multiple metallic cations, which provide possible substitutions with different codopants and form various luminescence centers with diverse spectra. The luminescence of Mn4+ and multiple ion-codoped materials spans almost the whole visible light to near infrared (NIR) region. The crystal structures of complex oxide phosphors, the spectroscopic properties of Mn4+, and the energy transfer between Mn4+ and multiple ions are introduced and summarized in detail with regard to their practical applications. This review provides an insight into the optical properties of Mn4+ and the energy transfer process in multiple ion-codoped luminescence materials, which will be helpful in the development of novel excellent materials for applications in the lighting industry.
Highlights
IntroductionThe excitation spectrum (200–900 nm) monitored at 1003 nm clearly contains the Mn4+ absorption band, suggesting energy transfer from Mn4+ to Yb3+ ions.[89,90,91] In the Mn4+, Nd3+, and Yb3+ codoped NMLTO sample, the emission spectra of the obviously present bands from all three ions Mn4+, Nd3+, and Yb3+ in the range of 600–1300 nm upon 365 nm UV excitation.[92,93] The emission intensity of Nd3+ decreases monotonously with an increase in Yb3+ concentration, which
Solar energy cells using crystalline silicon solar cells have occupied majority of the solar cell market owing to their well-developed techniques and low cost; their conversion efficiency should be improved further for their wide commercial applications
It is well known that most of the energy of the solar spectrum is concentrated at wavelengths beyond 900 nm including UV-visible (UV-vis) and near infrared (NIR) light, which cannot be absorbed by the current crystalline silicon solar cells with high efficiency.[1,2,3,4]
Summary
The excitation spectrum (200–900 nm) monitored at 1003 nm clearly contains the Mn4+ absorption band, suggesting energy transfer from Mn4+ to Yb3+ ions.[89,90,91] In the Mn4+, Nd3+, and Yb3+ codoped NMLTO sample, the emission spectra of the obviously present bands from all three ions Mn4+, Nd3+, and Yb3+ in the range of 600–1300 nm upon 365 nm UV excitation.[92,93] The emission intensity of Nd3+ decreases monotonously with an increase in Yb3+ concentration, which. The excitation spectra of the Mn4+, Nd3+ and Yb3+ codoped NMLTO samples match well with the solar spectrum in the UV and visible regions, and the emission bands are located at the ideal 930–1100 nm region for excellent response for crystal silicon solar energy cells.[68,96] the Mn4+, Nd3+ and Yb3+ codoped NMLTO sample has potential for the effective broadband spectral conversion of UV/visible light to the NIR band utilizing the energy transfer processes of Mn4+ / Nd3+ / Yb3+
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