Abstract
All-terrain vehicles (ATVs) have become increasing popular in many countries around the world, both for occupational use, as well as recreational use. With an increase in popularity, and the supply of heavier and more powerful machines on the market, major traumas and deaths from ATV use are growing concerns for public health and injury prevention professionals. This review of the literature on ATVs will focus on the mechanism and patterns of ATV-related injuries, the challenges of injury prevention, and the effects of legislation and regulations regarding ATV usage. The increasing burden of injuries and the substantial economic cost from ATV-related traumas and deaths calls for intensification of injury prevention efforts. Modification of risk factors, institution of regulations and legislation, and enforcement of those rules are important steps for prevention of ATV-related harm.
Highlights
Modern all-terrain vehicles (ATVs), known as quad bikes, became available commercially in the early 1970s, when the Honda Motor Corporation introduced the ATC90 [1]
Safety 2016, 2, 15 increased from 196 per 100,000 ATVs in use in 2000 to 227 per 100,000 ATVs in use in 2004, demonstrating that increased popularity of ATVs did not fully explain the higher number of injuries that are being seen [11]. This increase in injury has not been limited to the U.S, as demonstrated by a more recent study from Australia that found hospital admissions for ATV-related trauma increased by 41% from 2002 to 2011 [12]
This study found the adult population in one state to be broadly supportive of laws regarding helmet use, safety classes, and banning of passengers on ATVs
Summary
Modern all-terrain vehicles (ATVs), known as quad bikes, became available commercially in the early 1970s, when the Honda Motor Corporation introduced the ATC90 [1] This three-wheeled motorized vehicle was intended for recreational use, but quickly gained popularity in agricultural and industrial settings as well; the three-wheel configuration proved to be unstable, and these early ATVs were deemed responsible for an estimated 105,000 injuries in the United States alone within the first 10 years of manufacturing [2]. Since the expiration of the consent decree, and with the increasing popularity of ATVs as recreational and agricultural vehicles, there have been numerous studies documenting an associated increased number of injuries and deaths [4,7,8,9,10]. Such diverse target populations can hamper efforts at injury prevention that focus on engagement of the public
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