A Review of Trends in Development of Cogeneration Steam Turbine Units

Abstract

The current state of the machine-building industry producing cogeneration steam turbine equipment is examined. The distribution of the installed capacity between cogeneration equipment and other types of generating equipment is outlined. Indirect signs of equipment aging have been determined. The main problems of a practical approach to the participation of generating equipment, including cogeneration equipment, in wholesale sales on the power supply market are revealed. The current vector of the state approach to the formation of power industry development targets is considered. The basic requirements for the cogeneration industry within the scope of tenders held for selection of power and heat suppliers are specified. The characteristics of contracts for power supply signed with equipment owners are presented. The details of heat load distribution between cogeneration power stations (TETs) and other sources of thermal energy are given. Examples of managerial measures to improve the economic feasibility of combined heat and power generation are given. The key developments in the field of cogeneration turbines and turbine equipment are described. The adopted decisions on the modernization of existing turbine equipment and the development of new equipment within the scope of the applicable cogeneration concept are considered. The projects of cogeneration turbines for subcritical and supercritical steam conditions are presented. Along with the designs developed by Russian manufacturers, some projects implemented by foreign steam turbine manufacturers are considered. Auxiliary equipment for cogeneration units, namely, new models of horizontal district water heaters, is presented. The review uses data from the applicable legislation and other sources, such as technical literature and documents of generating companies and state authorities, on regulation of the thermal power industry.