Abstract

Abstract. Retinoblastoma, a critical early-childhood retinal cancer, poses significant challenges and opportunities for oncological research. This paper provides a comprehensive examination of Retinoblastoma, from its historical context and genetic underpinnings to contemporary diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. It delves into the pivotal role of the RB1 gene in the diseases hereditary and sporadic forms, underscoring the importance of genetic mutations and the potential of molecular genetics in advancing patient care. Through an analysis of current findings and treatment approaches, this study highlights the ongoing evolution in managing Retinoblastoma, emphasizing early detection, the exploration of genetic landscapes, and the development of targeted therapies. Future research directions are proposed, aiming at refining diagnostic accuracy and improving treatment outcomes, thereby offering hope for affected children and their families.

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