A review of radio frequency and microwave sustainability-oriented technologies

This study investigated the effects of concept mapping technique on Nigerian junior secondary three students’ cognitive development and achievement in Basic Science and technology. Randomized pre-test/post-test control group design was employed. Purposive sampling technique was used in selecting three out of 24 junior secondary schools that had comparable facilities in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria. The participants for the study consisted of 622 junior secondary three students drawn from 889 students with proportionate stratified sampling technique. The participants consisted of an experimental group (n = 311) and a control group (n = 311). The experimental group was taught the concepts of atomic structure, acids, bases and salts; energy conversion and transfer, and heredity with concept mapping technique while the control group was taught the same concepts with the conventional lecture teaching method. Data for this study were collected using a Science Reasoning Tasks II and Basic Science and Technology Concept Achievement Test with reliability indices of 0.72 and 0.80, respectively. The findings of this study showed that concept mapping technique had significant effects on students’ cognitive development (t = 30.23 ≥ t = 1.96) and achievement (t = 27.84 ≥ t = 1.96) in Basic science and technology. The implication of the study among others is that science and technology teachers should use activity-based instructional strategies, such as; concept mapping technique to enhance the cognitive abilities of students for improved achievement in science and technology. The findings further showed that there were no gender differences between the science reasoning tasks mean scores and basic science and technology achievement mean scores of students taught with the concept mapping technique. It was finally concluded that the concept mapping technique is effective in enhancing students’ (both males and females) cognitive development and achievement in basic science and technology.

This paper presents the relationship between the factors of the industrialization of oil and gas scientific and technological achievements. These have established the internal coupling model and the external coupling model among the factors of the industrialization of oil and gas scientific and technological achievements. As revealed in the process of the industrialization of oil and gas scientific and technological achievements, there is a mutual influence between the factors. The actual data is used to simulate the internal coupling and the coupling between the factors of the industrialization of oil and gas scientific and technological achievements. The results show that the degree of the internal coupling and the coupling between the factors changes from coupling dissonance to a coordination state, indicating that the coupling of the factors of the industrialization of oil and gas scientific and technological achievements are enhanced. Results are presented the degree of internal coupling and coupling coordination of each factor basically changed from coupling dissonance to coordination state, indicating that the coupling of the elements in the industrialization of oil and gas scientific and technological achievements is synergistic. In conclusion, attention was drawn to strengthen the interaction between the subject of the industrialization of oil and gas scientific and technological achievements, integrate the industrialization resources of oil and gas scientific and technological achievements, improve the environment for the industrialization of oil and gas scientific and technological achievements, and improve the management system for the industrialization of oil and gas scientific and technological achievements, which can promote the development of the industrialization of oil and gas scientific and technological achievements.

At present, a number of scientific research achievements has been formed. Scientific achievement is the crystallization of great efforts from scientific workers, and it's also the valuable treasure of human civilization. Standardization is an important way to promote the international communication of Chinese medicine, and it's significant in boosting China's scientific and technological progress, improving market competitiveness and promoting international trade. Transformation of scientific research to the guideline is not only beneficial to improving the technology content of the standard, but also to the conversion from scientific research achievements into productivity. Therefore, only by absorbing the advanced scientific and technological achievements, reproducing the theory of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and medical technology in standard form, can make TCM keep pace with the times. This study preliminarily explores for the method to transform scientific research achievements into guideline, in order to provide reference for the future technical specifications, thus to further the development of TCM.

The transformation of scientific and technological achievements is a very important way that combines economy with science and technology. A good legal environment can push the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. Based on the normative analysis of the relevant laws issued by the National People’s Congress or State Council, it is found that there are some problems in the legal system of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in China The law of promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements is too lagged and inflexible; the governmental functions in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements are not clear; The legal protection mechanism on the funds of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements is not perfect; The legal system of scientific and technological intermediary services is not good enough. Through the content analysis, we put forward several suggestions. Amending the law of promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements and enhancing the operability of the law; protecting the government to give full play to its functions in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements through legislation; Improving the legal safeguard mechanism on the funds of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements; Clarify the relevant provisions of the scientific and technological intermediaries and improving the mechanism of legal supervision.

Design of a sustainable development path in Chenzhou based on a knowledge graph

Colleges and universities are the important gathering place of high-end talents in China. Every year, colleges and universities undertake many national scientific research projects, so there will be a large number of patented technologies and scientific and technological achievements. But in the end, over 90% of these achievements were "locked away" and the achievements were not transferred, not allowed to transfer, or there was no benefit after transformation. Therefore, how to apply computer technology effectively transform and apply scientific and technological achievements in universities is of great significance to promote mass entrepreneurship and innovation. Therefore, this paper discusses the transformation mode of scientific and technological achievements in colleges and universities in China.At present, the scientific and technological achievements of foreign universities account for the mainstream of the national transformation activities while the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in China is still in its infancy. Through years of effort and based on our country launching a series of related policies that give corresponding support, encourage, guide and make unremitting efforts to innovation and exploration, we have obtained some experience in the field of transformation of scientific and technological achievements and achieved a certain economic and social benefits. Up to now, a number of universities in China have established scientific and technological achievements transformation centers, which can be seen that China attaches great importance to the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in universities. Therefore, in the current era, how to transform the scientific and technological achievements of colleges and universities into practical social application more efficiently is a problem that must be deeply studied.

The conversion rate of university’s scientific and technological achievements is an important index of measuring national scientific and technological innovation and strength of scientific research in universities. For promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, the state council has issued a certain rules, forming transferring work "trilogy" of transformation of scientific and technological achievements from revising law, developing the detailed supporting to deploying specific tasks. But because of existing the related issues of university’s scientific and technological achievements transformation and income distribution, it leads to the conversion rate of university’s scientific and technological achievements has been low. In order to improving the conversion rate of scientific and technological achievements and perfecting the mechanism of university’s scientific and technological achievements transformation and income distribution, this paper puts forward relevant countermeasures from building rules and incentives of university’s scientific and technological achievements transformation and income distribution, perfecting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements risk investment mechanism and evaluation system of science and technology, improving the transformation of scientific and technological achievements service and security system and so on.

Chinese research institutions and universities used to have to face many problems when they invested with their intangible technical assets, such as complicated examination and approval procedures for the disposal of scientific and technological achievements, unreasonable design of income tax system for technology investment, the difficulty in executing equity incentives, and the lack of motivation to researchers. The newly revised Law of the People's Republic of China on Promoting the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements in 2015, and the supporting policies and measures subsequently introduced improved the systems regarding the management of scientific and technological achievements and technology investment. However, after a large number of interviews and literature research, the authors find that now there are still some obstacles for value-based investment, such as the mandatory technology investment evaluation does not conform to the law of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, corporate capital increase and exit mechanism are not smooth after technology investment, ownership of state-owned influence the enthusiasm of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. At the same time, get the conclusion that duties, obligations, and interests of researchers, technology transfer personnel and institutions, legal entities, and government departments are important factors that influence the transfer of technology conducted by research institutions and universities; As a special commodity, scientific and technological achievement can realize their real value only after it enters the market. Its industrialization process may be successful or failed, as there are lots of uncertainties and risks; Existing state-owned asset management policy equates technical intangible assets with tangible assets management, and stipulates that public research institutions and universities must evaluate the value of scientific and technological achievements they possess or enterprises invested when investing with technology, increasing capital or withdrawing shares, to fulfill the obligation to maintain and increase the value of state-owned assets of scientific and technological achievements. Formalistic assessment, long review cycle and the lack of evaluation standards are obstacles for investment with technical intangible assets by research institutions. For this, the author suggests exploring the mixed ownership for scientific and technological achievements, establishing special intangible assets evaluation criteria based on The General Rules for Science and Technology Research Projects Evaluation , and a system combining mandatory assessment evaluation and selective evaluation.

This paper discussed the organization mode of the connotation, characteristics, and structure led by enterprise in the process of scientific and technological achievements, through the analysis of the medium- low speed maglev transportation technology. A company jointing other enterprises established research and development system to independently complete scientific achievement transformation in the form of market mechanism. It is the beneficial trial for considerable scientific achievements. It can accelerate the development of considerable scientific and technological achievements conversion rate.

The evaluation of the actual situation of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in Chinese universities by delegating the "three powers" to universities is of great significance for the formulation and improvement of policies for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in universities. The article is based on the composite control method and selects multiple provinces in China that have not implemented the "Three Powers Decentralization" policy in university reform pilot projects to simulate the situation where universities in Hubei Province in China have not implemented the policy. The comparison is made with the current "Three Powers Decentralization" policy to highlight the implementation effect of the "Three Powers Decentralization" policy in universities in Hubei Province in China. Research has found that the "three decentralization" reform has a significant promoting effect on the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in universities in Hubei Province. The implementation of the "three decentralization" reform in universities in Hubei Province has a certain degree of policy spillover effect, and has a significant promoting effect on the transformation level of scientific and technological achievements in the entire region. The transformation reform of scientific and technological achievements in universities under the principle of "delegating three powers" has a significant positive promoting effect on the output of scientific and technological achievements in universities in Hubei Province. Based on the research findings, corresponding policy recommendations have been provided for optimizing the transformation plan of scientific and technological achievements in various regions through the exploration of the reform plan in Hubei Province.

The main objective of this work is to construct and evaluate the transformation mode of scientific and technological achievements in colleges and under the background of the wireless network for which an artificial intelligence backpropagation neural network (BPNN) model is utilized. Firstly, the work introduces the transformation mode of scientific and technological achievements. Secondly, the work establishes the evaluation system of the transformation mode of scientific and technological achievements in colleges and describes the steps of the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE) and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) in detail. Thirdly, it determines the weight value of the evaluation indexes of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in colleges and conducts the consistency and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of these evaluation indexes. Finally, to further verify the scientificity and practicality of the index system, an artificial intelligence BPNN model is implemented to further evaluate the system. It is evident from the results that FCE of the transformation level of scientific and technological achievements in colleges shows that the excellent credibility accounts for 32.73%, the good accounts for 53.24%, the medium accounts for 14.33%, and the poor is 0. The transformation of scientific and technological achievements in colleges is generally at the upper-medium level. The calculation of the weight of the indicators indicates that all the indicators established greatly impact the transformation mode of scientific and technological achievements in colleges. The results of the BPNN model show that the learning and prediction ability of the evaluation model has reached a high level, which verifies the scientificity and practicality of the evaluation index system. The exploration provides a reference basis for the construction and evaluation of the transformation model of scientific and technological achievements in colleges.

In the process of promoting the transformation of regional scientific and technological achievements, the unclear property right system restricts the market transformation process of regional scientific and technological achievements, and it is difficult to give full play to the application advantages of scientific and technological achievements. In the intelligent environment, by giving full play to the advantages of information technology, in the process of regional transformation of scientific and technological achievements, by constructing the transformation model led by scientific and technological personnel, and by providing the relevant scientific and technological personnel with complete rights and interests, give full impetus to the market development of scientific and technological achievements. Based on the analysis of the background of the transformation of regional scientific and technological achievements into market and the advantages of the application of modern information technology, this paper puts forward some strategies for accelerating the transformation of regional scientific and technological achievements into market.

As the environment and situation changes in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, the decisive role of the market in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements has become increasingly critical. The insufficiency of some existing technologies in China has become the institutional obstacles to promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. In this paper, the domestic transformation technologies of scientific and technological achievements are consolidated. The institutional factors that constrain the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in China under the new situation are analyzed. The countermeasures and suggestions for building the transformation system of scientific and technological achievements in China are proposed from the perspectives of playing the role of the market, improving the transformation and disposal right for scientific and technological achievements, changing the scientific and technological evaluation system, valuing the overall technological coordination, reforming the evaluation mechanism, etc.

This commentary argues that a psychological approach is vital for achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 8, “promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all.” By highlighting the importance of human well-being as both an outcome and an input to economic processes, this commentary contends that psychological insights transcend purely economic ways of viewing sustainable economic development. Key findings from Industrial-Organizational Psychology illustrate the benefits of improving workers’ quality of life, supporting dignity and psychological needs, and fostering entrepreneurship to enhance economic growth and stability. These insights, focusing on individual well-being and productivity, offer a unique lens through which to view the potential and capabilities of economies. This commentary underscores the necessity of disseminating these insights to policymakers, leaders, and voters to inspire action toward sustainable development.

Taking Huizhou City as an example, this study discusses in depth the status quo, existing problems and improvement countermeasures of scientific and technological achievements transformation. This study adopts the literature research method and comparative analysis method, combines the official data and literature released by Huizhou Municipal Government, based on the importance of transformation of scientific and technological achievements to the high-quality development of the economy, analyses the role of transformation of scientific and technological achievements in Huizhou City on the enhancement of the economic development and the regional innovation capacity, identifies and solves the key problems in the process of transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and puts forward optimization countermeasures. The results of the study show that although Huizhou City has made progress in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, there are still problems such as insufficient long-term cooperation mechanisms and low levels of cooperation. The conclusion points out that Huizhou needs to establish a long-term cooperation mechanism, upgrade the level of cooperation, strengthen the participation of local universities and research institutes, and improve the service system for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in order to promote the effective transformation and industrialisation of scientific and technological achievements.