Abstract
This paper presents a method of estimating regional distributions of surface air temperature (Ta) and surface vapor pressure (ea), which uses remotely-sensed data and meteorological data as its inputs. The method takes into account the effects of both local driving force and horizontal advection on Ta and ea. Good correlation coefficients (R2) and root mean square error (RMSE) between the measurements of Ta/ea at weather stations and Ta/ea estimates were obtained; with R2 of 0.77, 0.82 and 0.80 and RMSE of 0.42K, 0.35K and 0.20K for Ta and with R2 of 0.85, 0.88, 0.88 and RMSE of 0.24hpa, 0.35hpa and 0.16hpa for ea, respectively, for the three-day results. This result is much better than that estimated from the inverse distance weighted method (IDW). The performance of Ta/ea estimates at Dongping Lake illustrated that the method proposed in the paper also has good accuracy for a heterogeneous surface. The absolute biases of Ta and ea estimates at Dongping Lake from the proposed method are less than 0.5Kand 0.7hpa, respectively, while the absolute biases of them from the IDW method are more than 2K and 3hpa, respectively. Sensitivity analysis suggests that the Ta estimation method presented in the paper is most sensitive to surface temperature and that the ea estimation method is most sensitive to available energy.
Highlights
Surface air temperature (Ta) and surface air vapor pressure, as measured at standard meteorological shelter height, are two primary descriptors of terrestrial environmental conditions [1]
The comparisons between Ta estimated from the advection-energy balance for air temperature (ADEBAT) method and the inverse distance weighted method (IDW) method and the measurements for the three days are given in Figure 2, respectively
It shows that the correlation coefficient (R2) for the ADEBAT method, with R2 of 0.77, 0.82 and 0.80, respectively, for the three days, is obviously higher than that for the IDW method, with R2 of 0.3, 0.50 and 0.25
Summary
Surface air temperature (Ta) and surface air vapor pressure (ea), as measured at standard meteorological shelter height (about 2 m), are two primary descriptors of terrestrial environmental conditions [1]. They can indicate near surface atmospheric condition, and reflect surface energy balance situations. They are the most basic parameters in the land-atmosphere system. Accurate estimations of Ta and ea play important roles in the study of the land-atmosphere system.
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