Abstract

In this integrative review, we explore the relationship between inflammation, aging and the development of neurological diseases, with an emphasis on understanding the underlying mechanisms, diagnosis and therapeutic approaches. We address the complex biological processes of inflammation in the central nervous system, highlighting its role in the pathogenesis of conditions such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and multiple sclerosis. We also examine the effects of aging on the brain and how this contributes to susceptibility to neurodegenerative diseases. We discuss the risk factors associated with aging and their influence on the development and progression of these conditions. Additionally, we review diagnostic strategies, including the use of inflammatory and aging biomarkers, and available therapeutic options, from pharmacological treatments to non-pharmacological interventions and innovative therapies.

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