A rejuvenated approach to urban development and inequality: Young people's perceptions and experiences in Rio de Janeiro

Young people have been identified as one of the groups most severely affected by post-socialist transformation processes (McAULEY, 1995; BRAKE & BUCHNER, 1996; KOLLMORGEN, 2003). They are growing up at a time that is characterized by the need for reorientation due to the collapse of state socialism and its far-reaching economic, political and cultural consequences (YOUNG & LIGHT, 2001). Young people in post-socialist countries are thus often described as facing additional risks and uncertainties to create their own biographies (BRAKE & BUCHNER, 1996; WERZ, 2001). This paper discusses the spatial dimension of young people's perception and experiences of risks. It argues that young people's perception of space has a major impact on how they perceive their opportunities to cope with, challenge and/or negotiate experiences of risks and uncertainties. It will be shown that such perceptions have major implications on, for example, their migration and career plans. The paper will draw on new research findings from an in-depth participatory research study of young people growing up in rural East Germany (SCHAFER, 2008). The project has focused on young people's perception of everyday disadvantages and risks, and how they translate such experiences and understandings into their (imagined) future lives. I argue here that young people's understanding of risk is interlinked with their perception of space. This spatial dimension of risk, however, has largely been neglected in previous research. URN: urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs100159

Exploring young people's perceptions of health and inequality through art: a co-produced qualitative study

Although a substantial body of research has analyzed the effectiveness of cigarette package warning labels in tobacco control, the very general health warnings messages (HWMs) on cigarette packaging in China have shown limited effectiveness in deterring youth from smoking. Therefore, this study investigates the impact of specific and more detailed warning text messages on Chinese young people's risk perception of smoking and their intention to quit. We employed a randomized survey experiment to examine the impact of specific text-based warning labels on Chinese young people's risk perception of smoking and intention to quit. The total effective sample size was 1064 participants. The subjects were divided into three groups: the first group served as the control group, which was shown the existing cigarette package warning labels; the second group was shown cigarette package warning labels related to cardiovascular, digestive, and respiratory diseases; and the third group was shown cigarette package warning labels related to sexual dysfunction. The respiratory disease-related warnings significantly increased young people's awareness of smoking-related respiratory risks (p<0.01). The impact of warning labels for the three common diseases on enhancing young people's overall risk perception of smoking (p<0.05) and their intention to quit exhibited only weak statistical significance (p<0.05). In contrast, warning labels related to sexual dysfunction significantly increased young people's risk perception of smoking (p<0.001) and their intention to quit (p<0.001), with a much higher level of statistical significance compared to those related to the other three common diseases. Detailed descriptions of the risks associated with all four diseases were positively correlated with awareness of smoking-related harm and the intention to quit. However, warnings related to sexual dysfunction had a greater level of statistical significance compared to those related to the other three common diseases. This stronger significance may be attributed to young people's heightened concern about sexual dysfunction.

The growth of the Internet as an information source about health, particularly amongst young people, is well established. The aim of this study was to explore young people's perceptions and experiences of engaging with health-related online content, particularly through social media websites. Between February and July 2011 nine focus groups were facilitated across Scotland with young people aged between 14 and 18 years. Health-related user-generated content seems to be appreciated by young people as a useful, if not always trustworthy, source of accounts of other people's experiences. The reliability and quality of both user-generated content and official factual content about health appear to be concerns for young people, and they employ specialised strategies for negotiating both areas of the online environment. Young people's engagement with health online is a dynamic area for research. Their perceptions and experiences of health-related content seem based on their wider familiarity with the online environment and, as the online environment develops, so too do young people's strategies and conventions for accessing it.

The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms and the Youth Criminal Justice Act afford young people the same due process rights given to adults, including the right to legal counsel. However, there has been little empirical investigation of how lawyers represent adolescent clients or of the factors affecting youths’ evaluations of their lawyers and lawyer–client experiences. Insight into these issues is important in light of the potential legal and social ramifications of young people's appraisals of lawyers and their services. In the present study, 48 young offenders were interviewed regarding their experiences with defence lawyers, to examine the factors associated with young people's perceptions and evaluations of lawyers and the lawyer–client exchange. Results indicated that perceived fairness and various factors (some of them interpersonal) of the lawyer–client relationship were related to young people's satisfaction with their lawyers. Youths’ views about lawyers did not predict their satisfaction, and no client-specific or outcome-related variables were found to affect young people's appraisals of their lawyer-related experiences. Findings are discussed in terms of procedural justice theory as well as of their practical implications.

British Journal of DermatologyVolume 183, Issue 2 p. e37-e37 Plain Language Summary Free Access Young people's perceptions of acne and acne treatments First published: 02 August 2020 https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.19271 AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Abstract Acne is a skin condition that affects up to 95% of people at some point. Topical treatments (applied to the skin) such as creams and gels are usually the first method for treating acne. Although topical treatments can be effective, research has shown that many people do not use them regularly enough for them to work. This study aimed to explore young people's views and experiences of acne and its treatments. The study involves a re-analysis of interview data collected by researchers in the Health Experiences Research Group at the University of Oxford. Interviews with 25 young people aged 13 to 24 years with acne were included. Young people often perceived acne as a short-term condition linked with adolescence, which appeared to influence whether they sought treatment and advice from a health care professional. Many participants did not find topical treatments effective, possibly because they had unrealistic expectations around how quickly the treatment should work. Many participants felt they had tried all available topicals, although they seemed unsure what was in them or unaware of differences between cosmetic and pharmaceutical treatments. They had concerns around how to use topical treatments ‘properly’ and how to avoid side effects. Some participants had concerns about side effects or the need for oral treatments (taken by mouth), though few seemed aware of antibiotic resistance. People with acne need support to manage their condition effectively, particularly a better understanding of different topicals, how to use them and how to avoid side effects. Unrealistic expectations around how quickly topical treatments take to work appear to be a common cause of frustration and a reason why people do not take their treatments properly. Providing people with accessible evidence-based information is important. Linked Article: Ip et al. Br J Dermatol 2020; 183:349–356. Volume183, Issue2August 2020Pages e37-e37 RelatedInformation

Developing a broader understanding of children and young people's experiences of long-term attempts of weight management may provide insight into both enablers and barriers to successful weight loss maintenance. This review aims to explore children and young people's perceptions of long-term attempts of weight management. Six databases were searched for qualitative studies describing young participants (<25 years, previously or currently above a healthy weight) experiences of weight management for >6 months following intentional weight loss. A thematic synthesis was undertaken. Themes were interpreted using the Socio-ecological Model. Factors supporting attempts to maintain weight loss included having clear motivation for change; developing personal skills to manage the challenges of change; family support/dynamics that encourage healthy lifestyles; and health-promoting cultures in schools/workplaces, communities, and the broader living environment. Conversely, ambivalence, difficulty coping with changes, peer pressure, challenging family dynamics, limited professional support, and unhealthy living environments were barriers to maintaining behavior change. These facilitators and barriers at each level of the Socio-ecological Model informed a model of weight loss maintenance for children and young people. Supporting children, young people, and families to develop the skills to manage the individual, social, and environmental challenges that shape attempts of long-term weight management will help to support their ability to manage their weight long term.

Power, N. G., M. E. Norman, and K. Dupré. 2014. “The fishery went away”: The impacts of long-term fishery closures on young people's experience and perception of fisheries employment in Newfoundland coastal communities. Ecology and Society 19(3): 6. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-06693-190306

Current debates about the nature of risk in late modernity suggest that changing social structures and a weakening, or increasingly global mediation of social constraints associated with the old order, have given rise to a new set of risks and opportunities. Social inequalities continue to impact upon people's lives but from within the contingencies of individualizing processes of ‘risk society’. Whilst it is acknowledged that there are differences between the production and perception of risks, there is a need for empirical evidence examining how risks are unequally distributed. The same study can provide illustration of how the solutions to social ills are often sought at an individual rather than a collective level through personal action. Drawing upon data from a three-year project, this paper explores young people's perceptions of risk. It is argued that since young people's experiences continue to be shaped by local social dimensions of class and gender, risk behaviour should continue to be analysed within these contexts.

The stories behind stories: Reflections on the role of voice in research with unaccompanied refugee youth

This article explores the affective, embodied dimensions of young rural people's relationship with space and place. Relationship with space and place has been recognised as a significant dimension of rural youths' subjectivities but it has been primarily understood through representational perspectives which focus on young people's perceptions, images, or discursive constructions of their local places. In contrast, this article draws on non‐representational approaches to subjectivity and space to highlight the embodied, sensuous entanglements between young people's subjectivities and the spaces they have inhabited and experienced. Qualitative data gathered as part of a project exploring youths' subjectivities in regional Australia shows that young people's experience of their rural locale, as well as their relationship to the city, reflect an affective topology of relations of proximity and rhythmic tempo which emerges from the relationship between the space of their bodily hexis and the spaces and places they are situated within. These non‐representational, embodied processes are intrinsic to rural youths' subjectivities and structure how young people approach and navigate their futures.

Access to marine ecosystems services: Inequalities in Scotland's young people

IntroductionIt is increasingly accepted that young people need to be centrally involved in research on issues that affect them. The aim of this study was to explore young people's perceptions of the benefits for them of being involved in mental health research and the processes that enabled these benefits.MethodsQualitative interviews were conducted by co‐researchers (young people with lived experience and/or interest in mental health) with 13 young people (aged 13–24 years) who had experience of being involved in mental health research when they were between 11 and 16 years of age. Reflective thematic analysis was used to identify important aspects of young people's experiences.ResultsFour main themes were identified: (1) opportunity to have a meaningful impact, (2) opportunity to be part of a supportive community, (3) opportunity to learn and grow and (4) increasing opportunities for young people.ConclusionThis study highlights young people's experiences of being involved in mental health research and identifies ways in which researchers can ensure that involvement opportunities bring benefits to both the young people and the research.Patient or Public ContributionThis research was a response to issues raised by young people involved in research. The project was supported by co‐researchers throughout, including design, data collection, analysis and write‐up.

Despite growing international attention to the sexual and reproductive health and rights of young people, their uptake of modern contraceptive methods remains low, especially in Sub‐Saharan Africa. This article focuses on young people's use of a relatively new contraceptive method, emergency contraceptives (ECs). Emergency contraceptives can be used after intercourse and have been marketed to be used when other contraceptives fail or after unplanned, unprotected intercourse. This article reviews qualitative evidence from seven studies on young people's experiences with this contraceptive method. Many users of ECs were in their twenties, well‐educated, and either single or in a relationship. Repeated use was found in four of the studies, and ECs may fit within an existing range of post‐coital methods used to prevent pregnancies. While concerns about side effects were reported frequently among non‐users of ECs, other women preferred ECs above other hormonal contraceptive methods. Men were actively involved, for example, as providers of information to their partners, and as purchasers of ECs. Young people's understandings of ECs hence differ from the meanings inscribed to these pills at an international level. Further research on this topic is needed to ensure that young people's (emergency) contraceptive needs are well understood and responded to.

Young people's citizenship and the relationship between rights and responsibilities are studied. Previous discussions of young people's citizenship have concentrated on methods of encouraging young people to be ‘responsible citizens’. Little attention has been given to the interrelationship between rights and responsibilities. The debates which have taken place have tended to focus upon the ways in which rights should be linked to participation in certain civic and economic duties. Drawing on findings from British research which examined young people's perceptions and experiences of citizenship, it is shown how such a position fails to recognize the importance of rights for young people's willingness to be active and fully participating citizens. In the conclusion the importance of these findings for debates on the ‘underclass’ and ‘workfare’ are discussed, suggesting that certain rights are essential if the social participation and active citizenship of the young arc to be increased.