Abstract
This paper proposes a temperature criterion to predict printing failure in fused filament fabrication (FFF) due to insufficient cooling during manufacturing. The criterion is determined for poly(lactic acid) (PLA) by means of a combined empirical and simulation method. Accordingly, the reheating temperature of the printed part should not exceed 1/12 [℃/µm] of the strand perimeter when printing bulk parts with a 0.4 mm diameter nozzle. The criterion can be extended to other materials and applied to develop adaptive printing strategies for FFF mass production at high efficiency while maintaining part quality.
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