Abstract
Objective This study aimed to examine the effect of pelvic floor muscle training on the irisin (Ir) concentration in overweight or obese elderly women with stress urinary incontinence. Methods The number of participants included in analysis was 49: 28 women in the experimental group and 21 women in the control group. The experimental group (EG) underwent pelvic floor muscle training, whereas no therapeutic intervention was applied to the control group (CG). Irisin concentration, severity of urinary incontinence (RUIS), and body mass index (BMI) were measured in all women at the initial and final assessments. Results By comparing the initial and final assessment results we have been able to demonstrate statistically significant differences in the measured variables in the experimental group. No statistically significant differences in the measured variables were reported for the control group at the initial and final assessments. Moderate negative correlation was observed between the BMI results with the irisin concentration results in the EG at the initial assessment and no correlation at the final assessment. Weak positive correlation was observed between the BMI results with the irisin concentration in the CG at the initial and final assessment. Conclusion Further studies are necessary to observe the regulation of irisin concentration and explain mechanisms underlying these effects.
Highlights
Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is the most common type of urinary incontinence (UI)
The following myokines are secreted by muscle cells in response to muscle contraction: angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4), fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 7 (IL7), interleukin 15 (IL15), myonectin (CTRP15), myostatin (MSTN), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), follistatin (FST), and irisin (Ir) [7,8,9,10,11]
Aim of the Study This study aimed to examine the effect of pelvic floor muscle training on the irisin concentration in overweight or obese elderly women with stress urinary incontinence
Summary
Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is the most common type of urinary incontinence (UI). Atrophy and impairment of type II fibers in the levator ani muscles play an essential role in the development of SUI in women. The dysfunction of suspensory ligaments of the urethra and/or reduced contractility of the sphincter urethrae due to myofascial dysfunction of the pelvic floor are associated with stress urinary incontinence in women [1, 2]. We distinguish diverse types of risk factors for urinary incontinence: predisposing, decompensating, and promoting. Among these there are certain risk factors for both UI and obesity, such as a woman’s age, environmental diseases, level of physical activity, diet, and occurrence of menopause. The following myokines are secreted by muscle cells in response to muscle contraction: angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4), fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 7 (IL7), interleukin 15 (IL15), myonectin (CTRP15), myostatin (MSTN), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), follistatin (FST), and irisin (Ir) [7,8,9,10,11]
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