A Quantitative Study on Normal P sE Loop of Vectorcardiogram and P Wave of Scalar Electrocardiogram by Frank Lead System

Abstract

The vectorcardiogram has been generally used not only for clinical diagnosis of heart disease but also for understanding of electrical activity of the heart. The informations sup-plied from various parameters as to the spatial vectors were contained sufficiently in vector-cardiogram projected to three planes consisted of frontal, horizontal, and left sagittal planes, whereas the informations as to the time parameters may not be sufficiently contained in these planes. Therefore, in addition to the analysis of vector loop itself, quantitative analysis of X, Y and Z leads scalar electro-cardiogram is also desirable in order to provide the informations of time parameters. The main problem of quantitative study in vectorcardiogram has been focussed to analysis of QRS SE^^^ and T SE^^^ loops. However, vector-cardiographic study of P SE Ioop has been re-ported only a few. Moreover, those reports were almost limited to the study by the cube system. Provided the informations obtained from analysing various pararneters upon P SE loop are added to those from QRS SE and T SE Ioops diagnosis of heart disease by vector-cardiogram will be made more accurately. In this paper, P SE lopofvectorcardiogram and P wave of scalar electrocardiogram by Frank lead system were recorded from normal adults and were analysed. The material was divided into two groups consisting of the nor-mal young adults and the normal aged adults and the age trend was discussed. Materials and Methods Eighty-nine normal young male adults ranged from 17 to 36 years (mean 26.4 years) and 33 normal aged male adults ranged from 40 to 70 years (mean 52.9 years) were selected, totaling 122 cases. Young adults were arbitrarily selected from the office personnel of Nagoya University Hospital who had had roentogenographic and physical examinations and were presumed free from pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases. Aged adults were select-ed from the subjects who had had thorough examinations containing roentogenographic and physical examinations and were presumed free from not only pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases but central nervous system disorders, metabolic and deficiency diseases. Those who had displayed abnormalities of QRS complex, ST-T changes, supraventricular arrhythmia, bradycardia less than 60/min and tachycardia more than 90/min in standard 12 lead ECG were excluded from the both groups.