A prospective study to evaluate incidence and risk factor for surgical site infection in patient undergoing abdominal surgeries at a tertiary care centre of Western Rajasthan

Abstract

Background: Study was conducted to evaluate the incidence, risk factors, identification of etiological agents, and antimicrobial sensitivity and resistance for surgical site infections in patients undergoing abdominal surgeries at Mathura Das Mathur Hospital, Jodhpur. Methods: A prospective case series study was conducted at Mathura Das Mathur Hospital, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, involving all patients undergoing abdominal surgeries between 1 January 2021 and 1 January 2022. Patient demographics and associated risk factors were documented, and comprehensive investigations were carried out. Results: This study included 220 patients, with an infection rate of 18.6%. Compared to other studies conducted in India, this rate is almost similar. However, studies conducted in the Western world show a lower infection rate. Conclusions: The incidence of surgical site infection in this study was 18.6%, which is comparable to other studies conducted in India. Pseudomonas was the most commonly isolated organism, and older individuals were found to be more susceptible to infection. Risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, respiratory tract infection, urinary tract infection, emergency surgeries, and higher BMI also contributed to the development of surgical site infections.