A prelude to Ether Day 1846: Charles F Heywood's letter to William TG Morton.

Photographs of Early Ether Anesthesia in Boston

Biography and Bernard Bailyn: <i>The Ordeal of Thomas Hutchinson</i> and the “Logical Obligation” of Historical Research

Growing Academic Physiatry: The Comparative Impact of Baruch Grants to Harvard Medical School and Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons. Part I

IN 1958 the Council on Library Resources, Inc., a subsidiary of the Ford Foundation that is seeking the solution of various library problems, made a grant to the Boston Athenaeum to permit me to spend a year studying the research and publication functions and the financial future of independently supported historical societies throughout the United States. This grant was made on the combined request of four of the oldest and most distinguished of such organizations—the Massachusetts Historical Society, the American Antiquarian Society, the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, and the Virginia Historical Society. Such private voluntary associations, formed to further learning, were the first to preserve, make available to scholars, and publish the significant source materials of American history. The earliest of all, the Massachusetts Historical Society, was formed in 1791 in Boston, 93 years prior to the founding of the American Historical Association; by the outbreak of the Civil War more than 60 others had been organized. Every State east of Texas, with the single exception of Delaware, was represented; United States Army officers even organized a historical society in the Territory of New Mexico. Not all of these proved permanent, for such bodies throve only in regions where prosperity permitted some leisure for literary and historical pursuits. Even on the frontier, where leisure did not exist, historical societies were founded early, sometimes before there was any substantial body of history to record. In such surroundings, support had to come from the State, if at all. The phenomenon of consistent legislative appropriation for historical societies first developed in the second half of the nineteenth century in Wisconsin under the influence of that avid collector of frontier manuscripts, Lyman C. Draper, secretary of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin from

Two-Party politics could tame farmer/worker radicalism because bourgeois/ middle-class ethos and politics pervaded centers of enterprise to cut deeply into the producer class. Ever since the onset of market revolution, the northeastern commercial gentry had been mustering cultural authority against democratic challenge to their political authority. The American bourgeoisie enlisted conservative clerics and the emerging professional/ intellectual elites of lawyers, doctors, professors, writers and artists to school all classes in a pansectarian middle-class culture of effortful “character” and self-improvement. Cultural capital Philadelphia was hobbled in this effort by Quaker privatism and denominational/party strife, while booming but equally divided New York City neglected “elegant &amp; useful science” for “eager cultivation &amp; rapid increase of the arts of gain.” Primacy in the capitalist surge-cultural as well as entrepreneurial and technological-passed to New England, where Puritanism sanctified effort and Bible-reading literacy, while topography brought water power almost to seaboard and agrarian crisis honed both labor and enterprise for manufacturing. Arminian/ antinomian polarities energized rival wings of the Yankee cultural offensive. Boston’s arminian Brahmins consolidated their commercial profits for industrialization and their Unitarian institutions for cultural preeminence through family marriage alliances, testamentary trusts, and generous endowment of Athenaeum library, Massachusetts General Hospital, Lowell Institute for public lectures, Massachusetts Historical Society, North American Review, and preeminently Harvard College.

Animal and human research suggests that the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may involve the overconsolidation of memories of a traumatic experience. Previous studies have attempted to use pharmaceutical agents, especially the β-adrenergic blocker propranolol, to reduce this overconsolidation. In this randomized, placebo-controlled study of the efficacy of propranolol in reducing the development of PTSD, we optimized dosages and conducted both psychophysiological and clinical assessments 1 and 3 months after the traumatic event. Forty-one emergency department patients who had experienced a qualifying acute psychological trauma were randomized to receive up to 240 mg/day of propranolol or placebo for 19 days. At 4 and 12 weeks post-trauma, PTSD symptoms were assessed. One week later, participants engaged in script-driven imagery of their traumatic event while psychophysiological responses were measured. Physiological reactivity during script-driven traumatic imagery, severity of PTSD symptoms, and the rate of the PTSD diagnostic outcome were not significantly different between the two groups. However, post hoc subgroup analyses showed that in participants with high drug adherence, at the 5-week posttrauma assessment, physiological reactivity was significantly lower during script-driven imagery in the propranolol than in the placebo subjects. The physiological results provide some limited support for a model of PTSD in which a traumatic conditioned response is reduced by posttrauma propranolol. However, the clinical results from this study do not support the preventive use of propranolol in the acute aftermath of a traumatic event.

Orthognathic Surgery in Patients Over 40 Years of Age: Indications and Special Considerations

Warren-Adams Letters, being chiefly a Correspondence among John Adams, Samuel Adams, and James Warren. Volume I., 1743– 1777. [Massachusetts Historical Society, Collections, vol. LXXIL] (Boston: Massachusetts Historical Society. 1917. Pp. xxxi, 382. $3.00.) Get access Warren-Adams Letters, being chiefly a Correspondence among John Adams, Samuel Adams, and James Warren. Volume L, 1743– 1777. [Massachusetts Historical Society, Collections, vol. LXXIL] (Boston: Massachusetts Historical Society. 1917. Pp. xxxi, 382. $3.00.) E. C. B. E. C. B. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The American Historical Review, Volume 23, Issue 3, April 1918, Pages 666–668, https://doi.org/10.1086/ahr/23.3.666 Published: 01 April 1918

Evaluation of 2 Existing Diagnostic Scores for Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction Against a Comprehensively Phenotyped Cohort.

A Tale of Two Cities: Evolution of Academic Physiatry in Boston and Baltimore: Part 1: The Boston Marathon

Complications and Long-Term Results of Salvage Cystectomy After Failed Bladder Sparing Therapy for Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer

Impact of an Expanded Definition of Family History on Outcomes of Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancer.

Muscle & NerveVolume 25, Issue 1 p. 122-123 Res Let Disease course unaltered by a single intracisternal injection of BMP-7 in ALS mice J.E. Dreibelbis BA, J.E. Dreibelbis BA Day Neuromuscular Research Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129Search for more papers by this authorR.H. Brown Jr. MD, DPhil, R.H. Brown Jr. MD, DPhil Day Neuromuscular Research Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129 Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114Search for more papers by this authorK.A. Pastuszak BA, K.A. Pastuszak BA Day Neuromuscular Research Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129Search for more papers by this authorE.R. Smith MD, E.R. Smith MD Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114Search for more papers by this authorP.L. Kaplan PhD, MBA, P.L. Kaplan PhD, MBA Creative Biomolecules, Inc., Boston, MA 02199Search for more papers by this authorM.E. Cudkowicz MD, MSc, M.E. Cudkowicz MD, MSc Day Neuromuscular Research Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129 Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 Neurology Clinical Trial Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114Search for more papers by this author J.E. Dreibelbis BA, J.E. Dreibelbis BA Day Neuromuscular Research Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129Search for more papers by this authorR.H. Brown Jr. MD, DPhil, R.H. Brown Jr. MD, DPhil Day Neuromuscular Research Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129 Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114Search for more papers by this authorK.A. Pastuszak BA, K.A. Pastuszak BA Day Neuromuscular Research Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129Search for more papers by this authorE.R. Smith MD, E.R. Smith MD Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114Search for more papers by this authorP.L. Kaplan PhD, MBA, P.L. Kaplan PhD, MBA Creative Biomolecules, Inc., Boston, MA 02199Search for more papers by this authorM.E. Cudkowicz MD, MSc, M.E. Cudkowicz MD, MSc Day Neuromuscular Research Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129 Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 Neurology Clinical Trial Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114Search for more papers by this author First published: 19 December 2001 https://doi.org/10.1002/mus.1222Citations: 2Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Citing Literature Volume25, Issue1January 2002Pages 122-123 RelatedInformation

Journal Article Winthrop Papers. Volume I., 1498–1628. (The Massachusetts Historical Society. 1929. Pp. xxxii, 456. $6.00) and The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers, who came to Plymouth on the “Mayflower” in 1620, in 1621, and the “ Anne ȝ and the “ Little James ” in 1623. By Charles Edward Banks, Member of the Massachusetts Historical Society. (New York: Grafton Press. 1929. Pp. xi, 187. Ltd. ed. $20.00) Get access Winthrop Papers. Volume I., 1498–1628. ( The Massachusetts Historical Society. 1929. Pp. xxxii, 456. $6.00.) The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers, who came to Plymouth on the “Mayflower” in 1620, the “Fortune” in 1621, and the “ Anne ȝ and the “ Little James ” in 1623. By Edward Banks Charles, Member of the Massachusetts Historical Society. (New York: Grafton Press. 1929. Pp. xi, 187. Ltd. ed. $20.00.) Roland G. Usher Roland G. Usher Washington University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The American Historical Review, Volume 35, Issue 3, April 1930, Pages 627–628, https://doi.org/10.1086/ahr/35.3.627 Published: 01 April 1930

In this study, we compare the clinical characteristics, intraoperative management, and postoperative outcomes of patients with acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) between two academic medical hospitals in the United States and China. From January 2011 to December 2017, 641 and 150 patients from Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital (NDTH) and Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) were enrolled. Patient demographics, clinical features, surgical techniques, and postoperative outcomes were compared. The annual number of patients presenting with ATAAD at MGH remained relatively stable, while the number at NDTH increased significantly over the study period. The average age was 51 years at NDTH and 61 years at MGH (P < .001). The percentage of patients with known hypertension at the two centers was similar. The time interval from onset of symptoms to diagnosis was significantly longer at NDTH than MGH (11 vs 3.5 hours; P < .001). Associated complications at presentation were more common at NDTH than MGH. More than 90% of patients (91% NDTH and 92% MGH) underwent surgery. The postoperative stroke rate was higher at MGH (12% vs 4%; P < .001); however, the 30-day mortality rate was lower (7% vs 16%; P = .006). There was a significant increase in the number of ATAAD at NDTH during the study period while the number at MGH remained stable. Hypertension was a common major risk factor; however, the onset of ATAAD at NDTH was nearly one decade earlier than MGH. Chinese patients tended to have more complicated preoperative pathophysiology at presentation and underwent more extensive surgical repair.