A Pragmatic Comparison of Commissive Acts in Grammarly and QuillBot advertisements on YouTube

The phenomenon of Fear of Missing Out (FOMO), or the fear of being left behind in the flow of information and social interaction, is one of the factors that influence the psychological condition of adolescents in their use of social media. This study aims to analyse the forms of discourse expressing adolescent anxiety that appear on social media and to examine this phenomenon from a pragmatic perspective. This study uses a qualitative approach with pragmatic discourse analysis methods. Data in the form of adolescent speech quotations were collected from Instagram, X, and TikTok platforms by searching for hashtags relevant to the FOMO phenomenon. The results show that adolescents' expressions of anxiety due to FOMO are not always conveyed explicitly but are present in the form of implied meanings through certain word choices and language styles. Words such as ‘left behind’ or ‘out of date’ indicate a concern about missing important moments, while pragmatic strategies such as humour, irony, and repetition are used to mask feelings of anxiety. Teenagers' speech also reflects social pressure from their peer environment, which influences the way they communicate in the digital world. These findings confirm that FOMO plays an important role in shaping digital communication patterns and impacts the mental health of teenagers. Through pragmatic analysis, the results of this study can form the basis for the development of healthier digital literacy and strategies to prevent the negative impacts of social media.

This study aims to analyze Generation Z's digital communication strategies through linguistic creativity in comments on the TikTok platform from a pragmatic perspective. The method used is a descriptive qualitative approach with pragmatic analysis. The research data was obtained from comments on a number of popular accounts that are widely accessed by Generation Z. The results of the study show that linguistic creativity functions as a pragmatic strategy that supports communication efficiency, affirms group identity, and strengthens social relationships between users. Furthermore, the use of language with a sense of solidarity shows that digital communication not only functions as a means of information exchange but also as an instrument for forming social closeness and self-expression. Thus, this study confirms that Generation Z's digital communication on TikTok plays an important role in shaping identity, social networks, and contemporary language culture.

This study aims to analyze Generation Z's digital communication strategies through linguistic creativity in comments on the TikTok platform from a pragmatic perspective. The method used is a descriptive qualitative approach with pragmatic analysis. The research data was obtained from comments on a number of popular accounts that are widely accessed by Generation Z. The results of the study show that linguistic creativity functions as a pragmatic strategy that supports communication efficiency, affirms group identity, and strengthens social relationships between users. Furthermore, the use of language with a sense of solidarity shows that digital communication not only functions as a means of information exchange but also as an instrument for forming social closeness and self-expression. Thus, this study confirms that Generation Z's digital communication on TikTok plays an important role in shaping identity, social networks, and contemporary language culture.

The study considers the relevance of the formation and implementation of policies for the development of Internet marketing of the enterprise, in particular entities specializing in the provision of consumer services. The purpose of the study is to identify problematic aspects and substantiate promising areas for improving the system of Internet marketing of consumer services. The results of sociological research among service consumers on the quantity and quality of digital communication channels, including those used by service consumers, their satisfaction with the level and quality of digital marketing communications, promising digital marketing communications, the benefits of Internet marketing tools are presented. The results of an expert survey of managers and specialists of business entities that provide consumer services in order to identify the direct tools of Internet marketing that they use, are given. The specifics of Internet marketing tools used by enterprises are determined. The factor analysis of the importance of using the tools of Internet marketing at enterprises and its results are given. The methodological and applied model of product formation for Internet marketing at the enterprise has been developed. The system elements the of Internet marketing of consumer services enterprises are identified, namely, subjects and objects of digitalization, mechanisms for digital transformation of Internet marketing relations, ways of providing and factors that determine the nature and structure of digital Internet marketing. The applied significance of the research results is that the prospects of using various Internet marketing tools for enterprises that provide consumer services, depending on the strategy of their further development, namely, focus on competitiveness, increase activity, increase business profitability, improve rating positions of the brand. The scientific novelty of the research results is the further development of tools for managing Internet marketing of enterprises in the service sector, namely the development of methodological and applied model of product formation for Internet marketing of the enterprise. Keywords: marketing policy, Internet marketing, digital communications, marketing mix, services.

One of the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic is the decline in business and the economy. Thus, marketers and entrepreneurs must find alternative solutions to market their products or services to consumers. Optimizing business people's online marketing and digital branding as a means of communication with their target consumers Matter This is certainly a very effective choice during this pandemic. Research objectives in articles here are two. 1) analyze online marketing and digital branding. 2) Describe marketing online and digital branding in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. This type of research is based on research references whose data retrieval is oriented toward several appropriate references. Focus This research is to build online marketing and digital branding in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. 19. The validity of the data in this article is based on various sources and an extended period of time. The data analysis technique used in this article is the constant comparison method. The results of the research in this article are twofold. 1) Online and digital marketing analysis and branding 2) Describe online marketing and digital branding in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Globally and in Australia, diets low in vegetables, legumes and minimally processed core foods and high in ultra-processed foods are widespread and shown to be harmful to human and planetary health(1). Research suggests that important aspects of nutrition knowledge, such as the concept of ultra-processed foods, are not widely understood by adults, hampering public health efforts at improving diet quality(2). The World Health Organization recommends sequential health communication strategies that start with awareness raising as an important first step to promote healthy behaviours(3). Therefore, the aim of this rapid review was to identify best practice recommendations for the development of persuasive and educative health and nutrition messages for awareness raising among adults. A secondary aim was to identify best practice recommendations for features of persuasive and educative messages. Four academic databases were searched in June 2024. Websites of Australian and international health organisations were searched in April-July 2024 to identify relevant grey literature. Review articles that provided evidence or recommendations for developing persuasive health or nutrition messaging for awareness raising and grey literature that proposed communication strategies or frameworks, published after 2010 were eligible for inclusion. Twenty-seven reviews and four grey literature reports were included, of which 24 reviews and four reports focused on general health messaging and five reviews were specific to nutrition. Results reveal strong support in the literature for audience segmentation and tailoring of messages to the target audience. Ongoing formative research is also consistently recommended, including research to inform audience segments, message content, testing of messages with stakeholders and consumers and refinement of messages based on feedback. Dissemination of messages in mass media channels, including traditional and social media, and use of multiple channels for message repetition is considered best practice for awareness raising messaging. Additionally, dissemination of messages through well-known, credible and trusted messengers who are relevant to the target audience was consistently recommended. There were mixed findings on whether loss or gain framed messaging should be used, and to address this, use of a combination of both framings was recommended. Communicating the gist or bottom line of information, rather than overly precise didactic facts, was advised to improve audience understanding and message acceptance. Furthermore, narrative messaging was recommended over didactic messaging because it is more engaging and preferred by audiences. Finally, health and nutrition messages that are concise, simple and constructed with plain language are considered best practice. This review provides a practical synthesis of best practice recommendations for health and nutrition messaging for use in academic research and real-world health and nutrition promotion settings. Findings can be used to inform the translation of dietary recommendations into persuasive messages, in accordance with priority work to advance the Decadal Plan for the Science of Nutrition(4).

This chapter covers the techniques of persuasion and communication. It also highlights how the psychology of communication played an important role in the development of the arbitration strategy. Persuasive communication aims to influence attitudes and beliefs. The credibility and likability of the speakers are vital variables under the persuasiveness of a message. Thus, despite relevant and persuasive evidence, witness testimony could be undermined if the speaker is known to have low personal credibility. The chapter provides strategies to improve speakers’ credibility, persuasiveness, and use of emotional messages. According to research, rhetorical questions and repetition could help arouse and recapture attention during an arbitral hearing.

PurposeMarketers recognize that the internet is crucial in the lives of consumers; thus, they invest money on online advertisements. Using multiple online media primarily influences the message acceptance of consumers. The synergistic effect of online multimedia relies on form, content, and sources of information, and time. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approachA model that reflects the influence of the characteristics of online multimedia on message response through message acceptance is established based on theories of information persuasion, encoding variability, and multiple-source assumption. Based on a survey of 411 online media users, the study applies partial least-squares regression to test the research model.FindingsThe results show that variety of forms, complementary of contents, diversity of sources, and time interval influence message response via message strength. Complementary of contents and diversity of sources affect message response via perceived credibility. Synergy type moderates the relationship between variety of forms and perceived credibility and between diversity of sources and perceived credibility.Research limitations/implicationsThe current study mainly tests the effect of these characteristics on message response and the moderating effect of synergy type. Future research can examine the effect of these characteristics on information seeking and consumption behavior and the moderating effect of the cognitive mode of consumers.Practical implicationsThis study provides insight into the characteristics of synergy and contributes to the literature on integrated marketing communication. The results provide guidance for practitioners to effectively plan online multimedia practices.Originality/valueThis study explored the influence of the characteristics of online media synergy on message response through message acceptance. The study also discussed the moderating effect of the type of online multimedia synergy.

Digital CSR communication has gained significant traction and is of increasing importance to firms seeking to reap business benefits from their CSR investment. Drawing upon different streams of literature on CSR, institutional legitimacy, digital communication, and accountability, this chapter provides an in-depth discussion of the unique characteristics of digital CSR communication, an array of techniques managers could employ to enhance the effectiveness of such communication, and importantly, metrics for managers to comprehensively and systematically assess the accountability of digital CSR communication. This chapter highlights the importance of using rich media and encouraging interactivity and active participation by stakeholders in digital CSR communication. Furthermore, we show that the effectiveness of digital CSR communication is contingent on a variety of factors, including accessibility of CSR message, media richness, level of stakeholder participation, and, importantly, perceived credibility of CSR messages. Finally, accountability of digital CSR communication is a critical issue in CSR management; this chapter outlines several CSR-related, stakeholder-related, and firm performance-related metrics that managers should monitor to gauge the accountability of digital CSR communication on a continuous basis.

Purpose of this paper is to propose a model for assessment of internet marketing efficacy, based on qualitative criteria and building on the theoretical and empirical investigation of various qualitative criteria applicable to internet marketing. The methodological framework used in the investigation is based on theoretical descriptive, comparative, analytical methods. Qualitative empirical study based on expert interviews was also employed. Nine experts of internet marketing and related fields were involved in the study. The aim of qualitative study is to explore the expert opinnions on the qualitative criteria for internet marketing assessment. This feedback helps to identify problems faced by business developing internet marketing campaigns, the steps to be taken further to solve them and advance campaign efficacy. The model integrating the qualitative criteria into the internet marketing assessment is proposed. The paper analyses the creation and application of qualitative criteria of internet marketing, discusses the problems of internet marketing development, proposes the ways how to deal with the emerging problems and presents the qualitative criteria based model for internet marketing assesment. The qualitative study is the main novety of the research and is intended to scrutinise the concept of internet marketing quality and distinguish the qualitative criteria for internet marketing development.The conclusions and recommendations of the research have practical value, which will help in the process of internet marketing quality implementation.

This chapter explores digital and viral advertising in a globalised context. In the field of advertising, digital communication as a means to connect with global audiences is a relatively new development, although its existence can be traced back as far as the mid-1990s. Theories of communication, designed in a mono-logic age may be less relevant to digital and dialogic media. Digital advertising is intrinsically linked to word of mouth advertising, or 'buzz marketing', although a digital ad might not be a viral one. Viral advertising is particularly known for its exponential self-replicating speed of transmission and virus-like spread from consumer to consumer, person to person. Increasingly, consumers are using social networks to engage in brand-related activity including the consumption and creation of content about brands and also spreading messages from or about the brands (Araujo et al., 2015). This chapter discusses the characteristics of modern viral advertising, as well as viral advertising's place in globalisation. The chapter then goes on to provide examples of campaigns that have been successful in overcoming international and cultural borders.

Previous studies have shown that self-affirmation increases acceptance of a message and motivates health behavior change. The present study investigated whether self-affirmation increases the acceptance of persuasive messages on COVID-19 vaccines and promotes vaccination intention. A total of 144 participants were randomly assigned to the self-affirmation (n = 72) or control (n = 72) groups before reading a persuasive message on COVID-19 vaccines. The results revealed that the self-affirmation group showed significantly higher acceptance of persuasive information on COVID-19 vaccines than the control group. Additionally, the self-affirmation group also showed significantly higher post-experiment vaccination intention than the control group. Mediation analysis indicated that increased acceptance of persuasive information significantly mediated the beneficial effects of self-affirmation on post-experiment vaccination intention. The present study demonstrated that self-affirmation could be an effective strategy for increasing the acceptance of persuasive messages on COVID-19 vaccines and promoting vaccination intention.

The Reporting on Palm Oil Issues in Online Newspaper Headlines: A Pragmatic Analysis ABSTRACT Over a decade, the production of palm oil by Malaysia faces challenges from the European Union countries. They accused that the production of palm oil has caused a hazard to the environment, the extinction of orang utan and exploitation of labourers. In return, Malaysian newspapers have written many articles in clearing the accusations. This study aims to analyze the headlines on palm oil used in online Malay newspapers from the perspective of pragmatics. The pragmatic analyses focus on the speech act used in the headlines. The news on palm oil reported in online newspapers is selected from the year 2017 to 2020. Data are obtained from three online newspapers namely Malaysiakini (malaysiakini.com), Berita Harian (bharian.com.my) and Harian Metro (hmetro.com.my). A total of 70 data on palm oil issues are gathered randomly and has been analyzed using Searle Speech Act Taxonomy (1979). The finding shows that the reporters used four types of speech acts that are assertive, directive, commissive and expressive as a tool in achieving the intended meaning and as a source in conveying messages to the audience pertaining to the palm oil issues in Malaysia. It is apparent that from the four types mentioned above, the assertive act is most frequently used in the headlines. It fits the purpose of the assertiveness feature in reporting news or disseminating information on palm oil to the readers. Keywords: Pragmatics, headlines, palm oil, online newspapers, performative.

Politeness principle is one of the major principles in pragmatic analysis. This thesis first reviews the development of Politeness Principle, and the content of Leech’s Politeness Principle, then gives a brief introduction of a television series Desperate Housewives, of which one segment will be selected to be analyzed. To illustrate how Leech’s Politeness Principle works, that segment has been analyzed in minute detail in the following part. Much fun has been brought out when daily dialogue is appreciated from the perspective of pragmatics.

Animal idioms are widespread in daily life; they have become inextricably linked to human existence and language. Additionally, they have acquired additional attributive and connotative meanings – which differ from one culture to another - in addition to their literal and lexical meanings. Animal idioms are not well-investigated, especially from a pragmatic point of view. These set expressions vary from one language to another as well. Hence, this paper examines pet animal idiomatic expressions from a pragmatic perspective. The paper adopts a qualitative method for the analysis of the samples. It focuses on the similarities and differences in both English and Kurdish languages in terms of three pragmatic concepts; cooperative principles, implicature, and politeness. Only three pet animals, namely bird, fish, and mouse have been selected to be studied and analyzed thoroughly. The samples of the study are collected from reliable English and Kurdish dictionaries and other resources. The findings show that some pet animal names have different frequencies in using, i.e., some are used more in English rather than in Kurdish, and vice versa. There are many contrasts rather than similarities in the meaning and utilizing of animal idioms in both languages. It was also found out that the pet animals violate all the maxims to get the idiomatic meaning; the most common type of implicature is the conversational one and most of the expressions are used negatively in terms of politeness.