Abstract
In this paper, a design for a 1 × 4 optical power splitter based on the multimode interference (MMI) coupler in a silicon (Si)–gallium nitride (GaN) slot waveguide structure is presented—to our knowledge, for the first time. Si and GaN were found as suitable materials for the slot waveguide structure. Numerical optimizations were carried out on the device parameters using the full vectorial-beam propagation method (FV-BPM). Simulation results show that the proposed device can be useful to divide optical signal energy uniformly in the C-band range (1530–1565 nm) into four output ports with low insertion losses (0.07 dB).
Highlights
Optical power splitters play a crucial role in optical communication systems [1]
The operation of photonic multimode interference interference (MMI) devices is based on the self-imaging principle [3]
MMI power splitter in the Si–Gallium nitride (GaN) slot waveguide structure is based on the self-imaging effect [3] and the total internal reflection (TIR) effect
Summary
Optical power splitters play a crucial role in optical communication systems [1]. These components are significant for bringing the optical fiber to end-users [2]. There are no confinement losses in slot waveguide structures due the strong high power confinement inside the slot area (low-index). There is a significant interest in designing a photonic device based on a slot waveguide structure that integrates semiconductor materials. GaN is well-known for its superior electrical properties, its resistance to temperature, and its potential to cover a wide spectral range. Materials 2016, 9, 516 superior electrical properties, its resistance to temperature, and its potential to cover a wide spectral range. Based on a slot waveguide for transmitting light in thehave visible range MMI-device-based slot waveguide are very sensitive of using GaN based on a slot waveguide for transmitting light in the visible range (400–800 nm) with to thetransmission variation of loss the effective refractive index, which can influence performance
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