Abstract
The initial filling period during ingot casting was studied theoretically. The motivation was that it is crucial to achieve a preferred flow pattern which can lead to a smooth filling condition, particularly during the initial teeming stage. In this study, a twist-tape swirl blade was applied in a mathematical model to create a swirl flow in the inlet of the mold. The swirl blade was set vertically just beneath the inlet, which was made of a gradually divergent cross section area. The results showed that combinations of the inlet swirl flow and mold with gradually divergent bottom contributes to: i) Inlet flow passes along the wall of the mold, ii) the formation of a very uniform velocity distribution within only 6 s after the molten steel filled into the mold and iii) No formation of a hump on the free surface of the mold during the entire filling times. These phenomena will ensure that the mold flux is spread onto the surface of liquid steel evenly. Besides, the stable surface also prevents the mold flux from being dispersed into the molten steel.
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