A novel system for continuous monitoring of salt rejection characteristics of individual membrane elements in desalination plants

A feasibility study of a small-scale photovoltaic-powered reverse osmosis desalination plant for potable water and salt production in Madura Island: A techno-economic evaluation

Across the globe and since the dawn of civilization, fresh water resources have been a major economic, environmental and political issue that affect human welfare and progress. Today, the desalination industry is experiencing rapid growth across the globe; unfortunately, the industry lacks several key elements that should make this expansion more efficient, more profitable to the owner, less expensive to the consumer and with limited impact on the environment. These elements include development of codes and standards for various desalination activities and having integral training programmes for qualifying the manpower. This study focuses on evaluating the training programme adopted since 1994 in the Doha West desalination and power plant. Further development of the plant manpower is achieved through short course training on various topics related to design, operation and maintenance of desalination and power plants. Evaluation of the training programme is presented in terms of various operating parameters, which include plant availability, production efficiency, performance ratio, specific manpower and specific consumption of cleaning acid and balls. Results show drastic enhancement in plant performance, where availability increased to 80% and production efficiency is close to 100%. Also, the plant performance ratio remains at values close to clean operation for more than half of the operating time. The specific manpower shows continuous decline because of the increase in the production efficiency and elimination of unnecessary overhead costs. Operation policy focused on increasing the use of on-line ball cleaning and reducing the frequency of acid cleaning. This is advantageous, since acid cleaning promotes metal corrosion, while on-line ball cleaning has negligible effect on the integrity of the preheater tubes.

Performance analysis of a medium-sized industrial reverse osmosis brackish water desalination plant

Performance characteristics of a cyclically operated seawater desalination plant in Tajoura, Libya

Effective planning, management, and control of industrial plants and processes have exploded in popularity to enhance global sustainability in recent decades. In this arena, computational predictive models have significantly contributed to plant performance optimization. In this regard, this research proposes an Improvised Grey Wolf Optimizer (IGWO) aided Artificial Neural Network (ANN) predictive model (IGWO-ANN Model-1 to 4) to predict the performance (permeate flux) of desalination plants accurately. For this, the proposed models investigated experimental inputs four: salt concentration & feed flow rate, condenser & evaporator inlet temperatures of the plant. Besides, mean squared error (MSE) and the regression coefficients (R2) have been used to assess the models' accuracy. The proposed IGWO-ANN Model-4 shows strong optimization abilities and provides better R2 = 99.3 % with minimum errors (0.004) compared to existing Response Surface Methodology (RSM) (R2 = 98.5 %, error = 0.100), ANN (R2 = 98.8 %, error = 0.060), GWO-ANN (R2 = 98.8 % error = 0.008), models. The proposed models are multitasking, multilayers, and multivariable, capable of accurately analyzing the desalination plant's performance, and suitable for other industrial applications. This study yielded a promising outcome and revealed the significant pathways for the researchers to analyze the desalination plant's performance to save time, money, and energy.

To efficiently analyze the enormous volume of wave data returned from the Electric and Magnetic Field Instrument Suite and Integrated Science (EMFISIS) investigation [1] on NASA’s Van Allen Probes, we have been developing automated methods to identify important characteristics of waves in the inner magnetosphere of the Earth. We use new types of combinations signal processing methods to implement autonomous algorithms that can analyze EMFISIS waveform observations to locate and identify the characteristics of individual chorus elements. Specifically, the techniques allow the determination of each individual chorus element and their dependence time and frequency. With this characterization, we can derive the frequency/time sweep rate of chorus elements for large numbers of events with no need for manual identification of the individual elements. This methodology enables statistical analysis of the properties of large numbers of individual chorus elements. Prior to this technique, chorus elements studies have been limited small numbers identified and analyzed by hand. We present an outline of the automated detection algorithm, showing its current level of development (see [2] for the an previous version) and also present results of a small statistical study which compares chorus power in individual elements to band averages that don’t identify specific elements to show that band averages that have been used in the past can be misleading as to the power in the elements themselves.

Scale formation and fouling problems effect on the performance of MSF and RO desalination plants in Saudi Arabia

Key issues for improving the design and operation of spiral-wound membrane modules in desalination plants

Multi-effect desalination plant combined with thermal compressor driven by steam generated by solar energy

Desalination Plant form equipment to used for water purifier, This research work is to study the process of water purifying and analyze performance of the desalination plant of PLTGU Semarang with compare with the factory design. Normally, this desalination plant’s main function is to supply raw water and service water, that used to power plant activities.
 Data removal operating parameters influential toward unit performance analysis important activity. Data processing talked about give image and reference about the two of them unit desalination plant performance with the factory design until difference of performance ascertainable and variance parameters to influence as form creative problem solving.
 From this study, it was found that the desalination plant performance at unit 2 is 67,17% and unit 3 is 58,29% in PLGU Semarang, lower than standart at factory design. Difference of performance is caused by some factor. It is recommended continous maintenance to vital equipments is a solution to increase the system performs.
 Keywords : Desalination Plant, Parameters, Performance.
 
 ABSTRAK
 Desalinasi Tanaman peralatan formulir untuk digunakan untuk penjernih air, Karya Penelitian adalah untuk mempelajari proses pemurnian air dan menganalisis kinerja pabrik desalinasi Semarang PLTGU dengan membandingkan dengan desain pabrik. Biasanya, fungsi utama tanaman ini desalinasi adalah untuk memasok air baku dan pelayanan air, yang digunakan untuk kegiatan pembangkit listrik.
 Data parameter operasi yang berpengaruh terhadap aktivitas unit analisis kinerja yang penting penghapusan. Pengolahan data berbicara tentang memberikan gambar dan referensi tentang kinerja pabrik desalinasi dua di antaranya unit dengan desain pabrik sampai perbedaan parameter kinerja dapat diketahui dan varians untuk mempengaruhi sebagai bentuk pemecahan masalah secara kreatif.
 Dari penelitian ini, ditemukan bahwa tanaman desalinasi kinerja di unit 2 adalah 67,17% dan unit 3 adalah 58,29% di Semarang PLGU, lebih rendah dari standar di desain pabrik. Perbedaan kinerja ini disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor. Disarankan pemeliharaan berkesinambungan untuk peralatan penting adalah solusi untuk meningkatkan sistem melakukan.
 Kata Kunci: Desalinasi Tanaman, Parameter, Kinerja.

Desalination is the sole proven technique that can provide the necessary fresh water in arid and semi-arid countries in sufficient quantities and meet the modern needs of a growing world population. Multi effect desalination with thermal vapour compression (MED-TVC) is one of most common applications of thermal desalination technologies. The present paper presents a comprehensive thermodynamic model of a 24 million litres per day thermal desalination plant, using specialised software packages. The proposed model was validated against a real data set for a large-scale desalination plant, and showed good agreement. The performance of the MED-TVC unit was investigated using different loads, entrained vapour, seawater temperature, salinity and number of effects in two configurations. The first configuration was the MED-TVC unit without preheating system, and the second integrated the MED-TVC unit with a preheating system. The study confirmed that the thermo-compressor and its effects are the main sources of exergy destruction in these desalination plants, at about 40% and 35% respectively. The desalination plant performance with preheating mode performs well due to high feed water temperature leading to the production of more distillate water. The seawater salinity was proportional to the fuel exergy and minimum separation work. High seawater salinity results in high exergy efficiency, which is not the case with membrane technology. The plant performance of the proposed system was enhanced by using a large number of effects due to greater utilisation of energy input and higher generation level. From an economic perspective, both indicators show that using a preheating system is more economically attractive.

MSF Desalination plants. Availability, reliability and safety analysis

Impact of manufacture technique on seawater desalination performance of thin-film composite polyamide-urethane reverse osmosis membranes and their spiral wound elements

Synergistic Tandem Solar Electricity-Water Generators

Chapter 9 - Desalination Concentrate Management and Valorization Methods