Abstract
Poly(ethylenimine) (PEI) and Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica (Ru-SiO2) nanoparticles were simply mixed together to prepare a novel self-enhanced electrochemiluminescence (ECL) composite of Ru-SiO2@PEI. The hollow Ru-SiO2@PEI nanoparticles were used to build an ECL immunosensor for the analysis of neuron specific enolase (NSE). PEI not only assembled on the surface of Ru-SiO2 nanoparticles through the electrostatic interaction to act as co-reactant for Ru(bpy)32+ ECL, but also provided alkaline condition to etch the Ru-SiO2 nanoparticles to form the hollow Ru-SiO2@PEI nanoparticles with porous shell. The unique structure of the Ru-SiO2@PEI nanoparticles loaded both a large amount of Ru(bpy)32+ and its co-reactant PEI at the same time, which shortened the electron-transfer distance, thereby greatly enhanced the luminous efficiency and amplified the ECL signal. The developed immunosensor showed a wide linear range from 1.0 × 10−11 to 1.0 × 10−5 mg mL−1 with a low detection limit of 1.0 × 10−11 mg mL−1 for NSE. When the immunosensor was used for the determination of NSE in clinical human serum, the results were comparable with those obtained by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The proposed method provides a promising alternative for NSE analysis in clinical samples.
Highlights
Nowadays, cancer is one of the most threatening diseases for human beings[1]
Zhuo et al linked Ru(II) with the co-reactant poly(ethylenimine) (PEI) to prepare a self-enhance ECL composite of Ru(II)-PEI and it was used to build an immunosensor for the analysis of apurinic/apyrimidinic Endonuclease 139
The analytical results were consistent with those obtained from the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method when the immunosensor was used for the detection of Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in clinical human serum
Summary
Cancer is one of the most threatening diseases for human beings[1]. the sensitive analysis of tumor biomarkers became greatly important since the level of biomarkers could provide useful information for early diagnosis and disease surveillance. Zhuo et al linked Ru(II) with the co-reactant poly(ethylenimine) (PEI) to prepare a self-enhance ECL composite of Ru(II)-PEI and it was used to build an immunosensor for the analysis of apurinic/apyrimidinic Endonuclease 139. To further expand the application of the simple and sensitive self-enhanced ECL sensor, preparing new and efficient self-enhanced composite is great important. We prepared a novel self-enhanced ECL composite by combining PEI with Ru-SiO2 nanoparticles for the first time, and the obtained hollow Ru-SiO2@PEI nanoparticles were used to build an ECL immunosensor for the analysis of NSE. The proposed immunosensor based on the self-enhanced ECL composites showed wide linear range and low detection limit for NSE. The analytical results were consistent with those obtained from the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method when the immunosensor was used for the detection of NSE in clinical human serum.
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