Abstract
<p><em>A novel selective and sensitive electrochemical sensor for insulin detection has been fabricated and investigated. The electrochemical sensor was made from a mixture of silica gel, chitosan and nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub>) nanoparticles, which was mounted on a silver wire and covered by a glass tube (silica gel/chitosan/Ni(OH)<sub>2 </sub>nanoparticles paste electrode). The </em><em>sensor</em><em> was characterized using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The anodic and cathodic currents of the silica gel/chitosan paste electrode with Ni(OH)<sub>2 </sub>are 580 </em><em>m</em><em>A and -750 </em><em>m</em><em>A, respectively. Without Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub>, however, the currents are 150 </em><em>m</em><em>A and -250 </em><em>m</em><em>A, respectively. The sensitivity and limit of detection of the silica gel/chitosan/Ni(OH)<sub>2 </sub>nanoparticle paste electrode for insulin detection are 5573 × 10<sub></sub><sup>5</sup>pA/pMcm<sup>2</sup> and 0.25 pM, respectively. The sensor also shows good reproducibility of measurement for 35 days with an RSD of 0.29%. The fabricated</em><em> electrodes</em><em> also show good reproducibility, with an RSD of 1.39%.</em></p>
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