Abstract
In this paper, a rapid and sensitive fluorescent aptasensor for the detection of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in milk powder was developed. Graphene oxide (GO) was employed to quench the fluorescence of a carboxyfluorescein-labelled aptamer and protect the aptamer from nuclease cleavage. Upon the addition of AFM1, the formation of an AFM1/aptamer complex resulted in the aptamer detaching from the surface of GO, followed by the aptamer cleavage by DNase I and the release of the target AFM1 for a new cycle, which led to great signal amplification and high sensitivity. Under optimized conditions, the GO-based detection of the aptasensor exhibited a linear response to AFM1 levels in a dynamic range from 0.2 to 10 μg/kg, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.05 μg/kg. Moreover, the developed aptasensor showed a high specificity towards AFM1 without interference from other mycotoxins. In addition, the technique was successfully applied for the detection of AFM1 in infant milk powder samples. The aptasensor proposed here offers a promising technology for food safety monitoring and can be extended to various targets.
Highlights
Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1 ), one of the most toxic mycotoxins, was moved from group 2B to group1 carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) of the World HealthOrganization (WHO) [1,2]
A novel graphene oxide-based aptasensor was developed for the detection of AFM1 with high sensitivity and specificity
This technique uses the properties of graphene oxide (GO) as an aptamer protector against nuclease cleavage, thereby allowing DNase I to cleave the aptamer for a target cycling signal amplification
Summary
Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1 ), one of the most toxic mycotoxins, was moved from group 2B to group1 carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) of the World HealthOrganization (WHO) [1,2]. Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1 ), one of the most toxic mycotoxins, was moved from group 2B to group. AFM1 can be encountered in dairy products as a hydroxylate metabolite derived from feeding dairy cows aflatoxin B1 -contaminated feeds [3,4,5]. Since dairy products are an important nutrient for humans, especially for infants, the presence of AFM1 in dairy products is one of the most serious hazards for food safety [6]. To protect humans from this health threat, many regulatory agencies have defined maximum residue levels (MRLs) for AFM1 in dairy products [7,8]. In Brazil, China, and USA, the maximum level of AFM1 in milk has been fixed to 0.5 μg/kg [9,10].
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