A novel framework for integrated assessment of reclaimed water demand potential in China

Assessment of concentrated solar power generation potential in China based on Geographic Information System (GIS)

China is an agricultural country with fertile land, plenty of water resources, livestock, forestry resources, and agricultural residues. This paper analyses the potential biomass supply in the China as (1) agricultural residues, (2) fuelwood saving: (3)animal manure. The objective of this study is to make a more detailed assessment of the potential in China than previously undertaken. Year 2007 will be the base year for the assessment. The result indicated that China had abundant biomass resource and biomass is found to be one of the promising area.

Floodwater utilization potential assessment of China based on improved conceptual model and multi-reservoir basin assessment method

Diverging water-saving potential across China's potato planting regions

Wastewater reclamation and reuse in China: Opportunities and challenges

China produces 28% of global rice supply and is currently self-sufficient despite a massive rural-to-urban demographic transition that drives intense competition for land and water resources. At issue is whether it will remain self-sufficient, which depends on the potential to raise yields on existing rice land. Here we report a detailed spatial analysis of rice production potential in China and evaluate scenarios to 2030. We find that China is likely to remain self-sufficient in rice assuming current yield and consumption trajectories and no reduction in production area. A focus on increasing yields of double-rice systems on general, and in three single-rice provinces where yield gaps are relatively large, would provide greatest return on investments in research and development to remain self-sufficient. Discrepancies between results from our detailed bottom-up yield-gap analysis and those derived following a top-down methodology show that the two approaches would result in very different research and development priorities.

<p>As an important renewable energy source, hydropower can meet China's needs for sustainable decarbonization. But it is very sensitive to climate change, and the occurrence of hydrological droughts will have a severe impact on hydropower. The significant decline in hydropower supply in dry years or seasons increases the demand for other power resources, especially fossil fuel, which will further increase greenhouse gas emissions. In the future, seasonal droughts are expected to change in the context of global warming, and their impact on hydropower generation needs to be studied, especially over the Yangtze River basin that has the largest hydropower resources and potential in China. In this study, the characteristics of seasonal hydrological drought events under historical and future climate conditions are analyzed in the Yangtze River Basin, and the PCR-GLOBWB hydrological model is further used to simulate the changes of water resources and hydropower generation under drought conditions. This study is beneficial to bring extreme events into the consideration of hydropower development and operation planning in China, and provides scientific basis for ensuring the safety of hydropower system.</p>

In response to the fact that we are short of systematic evaluation of rainwater utilization potential, and lack the results of rainwater utilization potential for the whole country and different levels of climate zones, this paper defines and divides suitable areas for rainwater harvesting and utilization based on the differences of geography, climate and geological conditions in China, and also describes the rainwater development and utilization potential from the perspective of “appropriate” development and utilization of unconventional water resources and constructs a calculation model to evaluate the rainwater development and utilization potential in China based on geological and climatic dimensions. The results show that China's rainwater harvesting and utilization area is divided into core area and general area, where the core area is divided into Loess Plateau hilly area and the Karst area. In 2020, China's rainwater development and utilization potential are 111.59 billion m3, while the rainwater development and utilization rate is only 0.7%, so there is a large potential for the development and utilization of rainwater resources in the future, and we can vigorously develop and utilize the rainwater in places where there is demand.

Water temperature under the current and future climates are estimated using the water temperature physical model, weather data and general circulation model (GCM)- scenarios to assess effects of C02-induced climatic changes on the natural environment surrounding the agriculture of China. The most notable results obtained for the GCM-2 X CO2 scenarios are that the safe transplanting date for rice plants would be about 20-30 days earlier than that under present climatic conditions. This means that the rice cultivation period would be prolonged by approximately 30-50 days, and also that the increase in effective accumulated water temperature is more than 700-1200 degree days in the semi-arid region of China and 1300-2000 degree days in main rice-producing areas of the southern part of China. This indicates that the northern limit of the safely cultivable area of Indica and hybrid rice cultivars may reach on the south of Huang He, indicating the increment in the potential rice production of China. On the other hand, these changes in temperature environment of shallow water due to C02-climate warming could cause an increase in evaporation from water surface. The increase in evaporation due to the future climatic warming is about 16-40%. However, the GCM-2 X CO2 scenarios indicate that the mean increasing rate of precipitation due to climatic change would be only 15-20% by the middle of the 21st century. Therefore, the imbalance of water to be expected in the next century may cause a shortage of water resources available for paddy rice cultivation.