Abstract
We proposed and demonstrated a novel tilted fiber Bragg grating (TFBG)-based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) label-free biosensor via a special boronic acid derivative to detect glycoprotein with high sensitivity and selectivity. TFBG, as an effective sensing element for optical sensing in near-infrared wavelengths, possess the unique capability of easily exciting the SPR effect on fiber surface which coated with a nano-scale metal layer. SPR properties can be accurately detected by measuring the variation of transmitted spectra at optical communication wavelengths. In our experiment, a 10° TFBG coated with a 50 nm gold film was manufactured to stimulate SPR on a sensor surface. To detect glycoprotein selectively, the sensor was immobilized using designed phenylboronic acid as the recognition molecule, which can covalently bond with 1,2- or 1,3-diols to form five- or six-membered cyclic complexes for attaching diol-containing biomolecules and proteins. The phenylboronic acid was synthetized with long alkyl groups offering more flexible space, which was able to improve the capability of binding glycoprotein. The proposed TFBG-SPR sensors exhibit good selectivity and repeatability with a protein concentration sensitivity up to 2.867 dB/ (mg/mL) and a limit of detection (LOD) of 15.56 nM.
Highlights
Optical fiber sensing technology, combined with the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect, enhances the measurement sensitivity of a surrounding refractive index (SRI) and enables the label-free detection of binding interactions on fiber surfaces [1,2,3,4]
Sodium chloride solutions with refractive indexes (RIs) of concentrations in deionized water were prepared as samples, and the RIs were measured with an Abbe
We proposed a new method to detect the glycoprotein by loading the synthesized
Summary
Optical fiber sensing technology, combined with the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect, enhances the measurement sensitivity of a surrounding refractive index (SRI) and enables the label-free detection of binding interactions on fiber surfaces [1,2,3,4]. Compared with traditional prism configuration, fiber optical SRP sensors are more flexible, are compact, and are can even be inserted into human tissue or blood vessels for real-time analysis or monitoring. It has been demonstrated in recent years that tilted fiber Bragg grating (TFBG)-based SPR sensors offer a novel and unique platform for simple, low-cost, and highly sensitive biomedical and chemical detection [5,6,7]. To detect glycoprotein with high sensitivity and selectivity, we present a TFBG-SPR sensor loaded with a phenylboronic acid derivative (PBA) as a receptor molecule on the sensing region. The proposed TFBG-SPR sensor achieved good repeatability, protein concentration sensitivity, and detection limitation
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