A Novel Evaluation and Prediction Model of Innovation Efficiency Based on GCA-GDEA Index Screening and AdaBoost Integration of Machine Learning

Depending on the trading modes, the effect of Outward Foreign Direct Investment (OFDI) on the manufacturing industry's position within the global value chain (GVC) may differ considerably. This paper examines the GVC position of China's manufacturing industry from 2003 to 2018, specifically focusing on the general trade and processing trade. Drawing upon this premise, this paper analyzes the effect and mechanism by which OFDI influences the GVC position of China's manufacturing industry. The result demonstrates that: (1) China's processing trade manufacturing industry has a much lower GVC position than general trade manufacturing industry. The GVC position of China's general trade manufacturing industry rose from 2.76 to 2.90 from 2003 to 2018, while processing trade manufacturing industry remained around 1.93. (2) OFDI boosts the GVC position of general trade manufacturing industry through facilitating reverse technology spillover, inducing industry structure upgrading, and enabling export scale expansion. (3) OFDI hinders the GVC position growth of processing trade manufacturing industry. The research findings offer theoretical backing for China to develop OFDI strategies that are tailored to different trading modes within the new framework of dual circulation. These strategies aim to facilitate the transformation and advancement of the manufacturing industry, as well as the growth of the GVC position.

In order to explore the social problems caused by the wide application of artificial intelligence technology in China's manufacturing industry, this paper takes Foshan manufacturing industry as an example, and from the actual development of Foshan manufacturing industry, focuses on the social problems caused by the wide application of artificial intelligence technology in China's manufacturing industry, including the intensification of social contradictions, the change of social structure, the hidden danger of social security, the development of the city and the change of population structure and the birth of the economic theory of artificial intelligence. On this basis, we put forward the countermeasures to deal with the social problems caused by the development of intelligent manufacturing in Foshan in the era of artificial intelligence. The research results show that in the era of artificial intelligence, the key to the transformation and upgrading of Foshan manufacturing industry is to correctly recognize the social problems in the development of Foshan manufacturing industry and offer forward-looking suggestions and countermeasures, which is of great significance for the development of China's intelligent manufacturing industry and the realization of 2025 plan.

Environmental regulation, as a tool for the government and society to reduce environmental pollution and achieve social civilization and sustainable economic development, has long been a key factor in economic development, and it is of great significance to explore the impact of environmental regulation on the competitiveness of the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry on the development of China's manufacturing industry. Based on China's provincial panel data from 2011-2021, an evaluation system is constructed from four dimensions: scale, efficiency, innovation and input, the entropy method is applied to measure the competitiveness indicators of China's pharmaceutical manufacturing industry, and a benchmark regression is constructed through a two-way fixed-effects model, and heterogeneity test, robustness test and mediation test are conducted. It is found that environmental regulation has a significant positive effect on the competitiveness of China's pharmaceutical manufacturing industry, and there are differences in the impact on each region. In addition to direct empowerment, environmental regulation also enhances the competitiveness of pharmaceutical manufacturing industry through technological innovation, and its mediation effect is significant. Finally, based on the above findings, it is recommended that the intensity of environmental regulations and subsidies should be increased, differentiated environmental regulation policies should be formulated, and milder market interventions should be used to create a healthy and positive market environment, and the introduction of scientific and technological talents should be increased in order to enhance the scientific research strength of China's pharmaceutical manufacturing industry.

Carbon emission reduction characteristics for China's manufacturing firms: Implications for formulating carbon policies

In order to cope with the new situation and new challenges facing China's economic development, the country proposes to accelerate industrial transformation and upgrading with innovation drive, and lead scientific and technological development with scientific and technological innovation. Manufacturing industry occupies an important share in the national economy, and how to improve the overall competitiveness of China's manufacturing industry and the innovation efficiency of enterprises has become a hot issue of general concern for all sectors of society. Based on innovation theory, principal-agent theory and two-factor incentive theory, this paper systematically investigates executive equity incentives, ownership concentration and innovation efficiency for China's manufacturing industry, and also tests the ownership concentration regulation effect in groups under the perspective of equity optimization. It is found that: (1) Executive equity incentives are significantly and positively related to innovation efficiency. (2) Ownership concentration is significantly and positively related to innovation efficiency. (3) The more significant the promotion effect of executive shareholding on innovation efficiency when the equity is relatively concentrated. This paper can provide a reference for Chinese manufacturing industry to establish a sound incentive mechanism and optimize equity policy.

In the context of localization of Global Value Chain (GVC) and stricter carbon emission requirements, the impact of participating in GVC on carbon emission reduction has become one of the most crucial criteria for China's manufacturing industry to consider whether to deepen its participation in GVC. In order to clearly and directly reflect the change in the production distance between the original input and the final product, we use the GVC production length to express the degree of participation in GVC. And in order to make the research more targeted and typical, we select the equipment manufacturing industry as the research object. Using the data from the World Input-Output Database (WIOD), we empirically analyze the GVC production length under different cross-border production activities on the basis of the theoretical mechanism. The results show that the extension of the GVC production length can significantly promote the carbon emissions reduction. In the decomposition part, the extension of simple GVC production length can effectively promote carbon emissions reduction. Therefore, it is suggested that China's equipment manufacturing industry should continue to deeply participate in the high-end production links of GVC and improve its status in the complex GVC production activities.

On May 19, 2015, the State Council officially issued "made in China 2025", which takes building a manufacturing power as a strategic goal, and clearly states that "we should aim at the strategic priorities of the new generation of information technology, high-end equipment, new materials, biomedicine, etc., guide the gathering of all kinds of social resources, and promote the rapid development of advantages and strategic industries."Under the guidance of strategic objectives, China has been steadily promoting the development of high-end manufacturing industry.However, since 2018, the U.S. government has held high the banner of "new trade protectionism" and formulated a series of tariff policies to suppress the development of China's high-end manufacturing industry in accordance with the "2025 plan" of China's manufacturing industry construction, triggering a Sino-U.S. trade war.In this context, Shanghai, as the center of China's high-end manufacturing industry, has been significantly impacted by this.How to highlight the "encirclement" and find the development path is particularly important.

This paper selects the export data and input-output data of four high carbon emission manufacturing industries initially covered under the CBAM framework from 2001 to 2019, respectively uses Hausmann's method and DEA model to measure the manufacturing industry export quality and green total factor productivity, and explores the impact of environmental regulation on China's manufacturing industry export quality based on the individual fixed effect model. The results show that environmental regulation will have a positive impact on the export quality of high carbon emission manufacturing industry in terms of capital, labor, energy, green total factor productivity, etc. Further analysis shows that: the total amount of labor input is negatively related to export quality, while the total amount of capital input, energy input, green total factor productivity and export quality are positively related. The conclusion of this paper shows that supporting technology R&D, increasing capital investment and implementing industrial differentiation are important development path orientations to promote China's high carbon manufacturing industry to improve export quality.

In recent years, China's demographic dividend has declined and the aging of the population has deepened. As the labor force declines, socioeconomic growth is bound to suffer. The rapid development of industrial robots in recent years has brought hope to China's economy. This paper uses PEST model and other data to study the impact of China's industrial robots on China's manufacturing industry and even China's economy, as well as the support and acceptance of the Chinese government and society for the robot industry. In addition, this paper also studies the technological progress of China's industrial robots in recent years and the prevalence of machine substitutes under the COVID. China's industrial robots have a positive impact on China's manufacturing industry and China's economy. Machines and human-computer interaction have solved the problems brought by the decline of demographic dividend.

China is the world's largest manufacturing country, the most important link in the global industrial chain, and the world's second largest consumer market after the United States. China's manufacturing industry has also been affected by the epidemic, and its transformation and upgrading have been affected. China's total manufacturing industry has occupied the world's top position for many years in a row, becoming an indispensable link in the global production chain. In the situation of global manufacturing shift, some labor-intensive industries are gradually moving out of China as the cost of labor factors rises. The new epidemic has further accelerated the outward migration, especially in the pharmaceutical and medical device sectors, where many countries are concerned about the security of their supply chains due to their over-dependence on China, and some overseas countries have widely raised the slogan of "de-Chinaization". With the normalization of the epidemic, the acceleration of the reverse globalization process and the rise of trade protectionism, the position of Chinese manufacturing in the global value chain will be affected. According to the data, it can be found that the first thing that affects the Chinese manufacturing industry is the import and export, like Brazil, which has frequent trade with China, has a higher dependence on rubber and plastic manufacturing and a more pronounced dependence on chemical and pharmaceutical manufacturing in terms of imports. The international competitiveness of China's major manufacturing industries is analyzed using the RCA-VA index. Finally, specific solutions are proposed to address the risks posed by the epidemic.

Using SFA(Stochastic Frontier Analysis) method, the paper conducts an emperical study on the innovation efficiency of China's manufacturing industry and its relevant factos. The findings of the research are as follows: the innovation output of the China's manufacturing sectos is mainly driven by sceitific funds; the innovation advantages of the manufacturing industry concentrates mainly in labor-intensive and highly monopolistic areas while in the capital-intensive and tech-oriented sectors the innovation efficiency remains low; the industry scale, the openess of the industry, the profit of the industry exert apparent positive influence on the innovation efficiency of the manufacturing sector while the market structure has apparent negative correlation with the increae of the innovation efficiency. Therefore, in order to raise the innovation efficiency of the manufacturing industry of China, it is imperative to pursue institutional innovation; and it is also important to raise the concentration intensity of the industry,and establish large conglomerate industrial groups, and allocate sufficient supporting funds. It is also necessay to further open the industry adequately.

The development of China's manufacturing industry is constrained by factors such as energy and resources, and low-carbon development is arduous. Digitalization is an important method to transform and upgrade traditional industries. Based on the panel data of 13 manufacturing industries in China from 2007 to 2019, a regression model and a threshold model were used to empirically test the impact of digitalization and electricity consumption on carbon emissions. The research results were as follows: (1) The digitalization level of China's manufacturing industry was steadily increasing; (2) The proportion of electricity consumption in China's manufacturing industries in the total electricity consumption hardly changed from 2007 to 2019, basically maintaining at about 6.8%. The total power consumption increased by about 2.1 times. (3) From 2007 to 2019, the total carbon emissions of China's manufacturing industry increased, but the carbon emissions of some manufacturing industries decreased. (4) There was an inverted U-shaped relationship between digitalization and carbon emissions, the higher the level of digitalization input, the greater the carbon emissions of the manufacturing industry. However, when digitalization develops to a certain extent, it will also suppress carbon emissions to a certain extent. (5) There was a significant positive correlation between electricity consumption and carbon emissions in the manufacturing industry. (6) There were double energy thresholds for the impact of labor-intensive and technology-intensive manufacturing digitalization on carbon emissions, but only a single economic threshold and scale threshold. There was a single scale threshold for capital-intensive manufacturing, and the value was -0.5352. This research provides possible countermeasures and policy recommendations for digitalization to empower the low-carbon development of China's manufacturing industry.

Impact of biased technological progress on the total factor productivity of China's manufacturing industry: The driver of sustainable economic growth

With the profound changes in the global industrial economic situation, the industrial competition pattern is further adjusted, China's original reliance on the "demographic dividend" effect of the manufacturing industry expansion path is facing the challenge of low-end locking and marginalization, the urgent need to cultivate new kinetic energy. Get rid of the inherent low-cost competition and scale expansion mode, promote the digital transformation of the manufacturing industry, are the road to high-quality development of the manufacturing industry under the new development pattern. On the one hand, the digital economy has reconstructed the layout of the manufacturing industry chain in digital space and physical space, effectively unimpeded the domestic macrocycle; on the other hand, the digital economy can promote China's manufacturing industry to the high-end of the value chain, and win a larger profit space and the right to speak for the manufacturing industry to integrate into the international cycle. Therefore, under the new development pattern of internal and external double cycle, digital economy has become the new kinetic energy for the upgrading of China's manufacturing industry. This project combs through the domestic digital economy to drive the high-quality development of the manufacturing industry related literature, summarizes the economy to drive the high-quality development of the manufacturing industry measurement method, organizes the recent years of China's manufacturing industry development related research, consolidates the research foundation and expands the research perspective, constructs the "scale - structure", We construct a four-dimensional analytical framework of "scale-structure" and "circulation-external circulation" for the high-quality development of manufacturing industry, and explore the theoretical mechanism of digitalization-driven high-quality development of manufacturing industry. Through the use of econometric modeling methods to carry out empirical analysis of the digital economy driven manufacturing high quality, according to the empirical results, more scientific formulation of the digital economy driven China's manufacturing industry upgrading countermeasures recommendations.

In the process of enterprise operation, working capital is related to the supply, production and sales of enterprises. Working capital is the capital that an enterprise needs to use in its normal operation. A good turnover of working capital can drive the turnover of fixed capital, which is not only conducive to the improvement of the profit level of enterprises, but also conducive to the goal of maximizing profits. Therefore, the management of working capital is very important for enterprises. With the continuous development of China's socialist market economy and fierce market competition, China's electronic industry stands out. China's electronics industry not only has a huge domestic market, but also China is a global manufacturing power of electronic products. Due to the rise of China's manufacturing industry, the transformation of global electronic industry from vertical structure to horizontal structure, and the increasingly detailed division of value chain, China has become one of the main production bases of global electronic manufacturing, which has also promoted the rapid growth of China's electronic manufacturing industry. Following this, the electronic manufacturing industry is also facing more severe challenges. Because the management of working capital is related to the profit level of enterprises and directly affects the survival and development of enterprises, it is increasingly urgent for the electronic industry to pursue efficient capital management.