A novel energy routing technique with hybrid energy storage for residential electricity cost minimization in a smart distribution network

Abstract

ABSTRACT In a dynamic pricing scheme at a secondary distribution network, the residential electricity cost minimization and effective distributed energy resources management with energy storage (ES) is challenging using either compressed air or pumped hydro. Since, each one has its inherent limitations along with merits like ES with compressed air requires a very deep air storage cavern which results in increased constructional cost. Whereas ES with pumped hydro suffers from gravitational issues and also it requires suitable construction to maintain height difference. In particular, with the benefits of energy storage and solar integration, all residential houses lumped in the distributed network are willing to draw much of their load demand at minimum pricing intervals. This situation may lead to crowding phenomena among the residential houses. In order to overcome the crowding phenomena, in this paper a novel energy routing technique with hybrid energy storage has been proposed. The hybrid energy storage is a combination of compressed air energy storage and pumped hydro storage. The proposed energy routing technique assigns the role of each house as a seller or buyer by identifying the surplus or paucity power along with the status of their energy storage. A priority factor is calculated, in this past contribution made by each residential house and load demand are considered to be key parameters. Further, the linear integer program is employed to schedule the buyers to buy the electrical energy at minimum price without any crowding phenomena. The performance of the proposed novel technique has been validated on12 bus distribution system with 100 MVA, 11 kV ratings and IEEE 33 bus test system with 100 MVA, 12.66 kV ratings. The result analysis shows that the proposed novel technique is robust and applicable for real-time smart grid environment.