Abstract
Subway station emergencies have caused serious casualties in recent years, so the aim of this research was to develop and establish an evacuation model that considers the OCEAN personality psychological traits to improve the credibility of the emergency pedestrian evacuation simulation. Firstly, the relationship between the personality and psychological stress was established based on the reconstruction of a passenger’s personality traits. Secondly, the relationship between the expected speed and a passenger’s personality traits was modified based on the social force model. Finally, the simulation was carried out using the Anylogic software. The results show that as the value of the personality increases, the evacuation time of personalities ψA and ψC gradually increases, but the opposite effect is observed for personalities ψN and ψE. Similarly, as the value of personality traits increases, the speed of personalities ψA and ψC gradually decreases, but the opposite effect is observed for personalities ψN and ψE. Only during peak periods, as the value of personality traits increases, the density of the connecting area of passengers with personality traits ψA and ψC gradually increases; on the contrary, that of passengers with personality traits ψN and ψE gradually decreases. The conclusion of this study is that different personality traits have different effects on evacuation behavior, which enriches the model of pedestrian evacuation further.
Highlights
With developing urbanization in China, a total of 3394 stations had been put into operation by 2018, and the annual amount of passengers on the urban rail transit reached21.07 billion [1]
We found that the evacuation time increased by 6.4 s for every 0.1 unit increase in the personality traits value of ψ A, ψc ; the evacuation time decreased by 7.1 s for every 0.1 unit increase in the personality traits value of ψN, ψE
The results show that evacuation time is more sensitive to personality traits ψN, ψE
Summary
With developing urbanization in China, a total of 3394 stations had been put into operation by 2018, and the annual amount of passengers on the urban rail transit reached21.07 billion [1]. With developing urbanization in China, a total of 3394 stations had been put into operation by 2018, and the annual amount of passengers on the urban rail transit reached. The evacuation model of subway station crowds has always been a research hotspot. According to the classic models above, different improved models are proposed based on different rules [5,6,7]. These models are all used to describe simulation of the evacuation behavior, which lacks a comprehensive analysis of the evacuation environment and the evacuees’ psychological action. What happens when the personality traits of passengers are introduced into the classic evacuation model?
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