A Note on the Use of Peer Learning to Support the Development of Professional Judgment During Work-Based Learning

This paper reports the results of studying the use of peer learning in the introductory computer science curriculum. The project involves educators from a variety of institutions who participated in two summer workshops and either introduced or continued their use of peer learning at their institutions as part of this project. The results of the collective work include much experience with different types of peer learning in different settings. Overall, the results indicate that peer learning is a valuable technique that should be used as one pedagogical approach in teaching the introductory computer science curriculum.

In order for nursing education to be effective, many teaching methods are used. One of these methods is peer learning. Peer learning is defined as assisting an individual who is from the same social group and is not a professional educator in the learning process of other individuals. The use of peer learning in the field of nursing is increasing day by day. The studies investigating the use of peer learning emphasize the advantages and disadvantages. Although there are many positive aspects of peer learning, it should not be forgotten that using peer learning in nursing education may lead to ethical problems if not well planned. These ethical problems can be confronted in terms of both the individual receiving care, the student and the peer mentor. Peer learning can be used as an effective teaching method in nursing education when well planned and audited.

The use of peer learning and peer assessment has gained considerable interest in higher education driven by both its educational value and by its ability to provide students with the opportunity to develop important transferrable skills. This paper reports on the use of peer learning and peer assessment with a cohort of four-year undergraduate physiotherapy students and an 18 month taught post-graduate teacher education programme. The study observed the students’ engagement in the process, surveyed their opinions on the activity at the end of the experience and conducted one focus group discussion with a subset of students from each cohort. The study found that the vast majority of respondents felt that the experience was valuable and enjoyable. However, when asked to indicate whether it was a fairer method of assessment there were more varied responses. Similarly when asked whether their peers should have a greater say in their overall grade the majority disagreed. Views on the educational value of the experience appeared to differ between the two cohorts of students. The study highlights the influence of a prevailing assessment cultures on students’ engagement in peer learning which requires consideration when including such pedagogical approaches.

ABSTRACTPhenomenon: Peer learning has many benefits and can assist students in gaining the educational skills required in future years when they become teachers themselves. Peer learning may be particularly useful in clinical learning environments, where students report feeling marginalized, overwhelmed, and unsupported. Educational interventions often fail in the workplace environment, as they are often conceived in the “ideal” rather than the complex, messy real world. This work sought to explore barriers and facilitators to implementing peer learning activities in a clinical curriculum. Approach: Previous peer learning research results and a matrix of empirically derived peer learning activities were presented to local clinical education experts to generate discussion around the realities of implementing such activities. Potential barriers and limitations of and strategies for implementing peer learning in clinical education were the focus of the individual interviews. Findings: Thematic analysis of the data identified three key considerations for real-world implementation of peer learning: culture, epistemic authority, and the primacy of patient-centered care. Strategies for peer learning implementation were also developed from themes within the data, focusing on developing a culture of safety in which peer learning could be undertaken, engaging both educators and students, and establishing expectations for the use of peer learning. Insights: This study identified considerations and strategies for the implementation of peer learning activities, which took into account both educator and student roles. Reported challenges were reflective of those identified within the literature. The resultant framework may aid others in anticipating implementation challenges. Further work is required to test the framework's application in other contexts and its effect on learner outcomes.

Preceptors' conceptions of a peer learning model: A phenomenographic study

Peer learning has been widely recognized as an effective strategy in inclusive education, promoting student collaboration, enhancing academic outcomes, and addressing diverse learning needs. However, a significant gap remains in understanding how peer learning is implemented across different institutional and national contexts, especially in inclusive settings. While prior studies have addressed peer learning in general, few have compared its practical application across countries with distinct educational systems. This study investigates how peer learning is enacted in inclusive classrooms in Thailand and Indonesia, focusing on teachers’ beliefs, instructional strategies, and challenges encountered during implementation. Employing a qualitative research design, data were gathered through interviews and classroom observations to explore authentic classroom practices. The findings reveal both shared patterns and contextual differences in the use of peer learning, shaped by each country’s institutional structures and education policies. While initial student collaboration varied, many learners demonstrated increased participation and interaction over time. This study addresses the lack of cross-national research on inclusive peer learning and offers insights that may support educators, researchers, and policymakers in designing more responsive and culturally informed frameworks for peer learning in diverse, inclusive classrooms.

With changing trends in the acute pediatric setting, there is concern that nursing students are not provided with sufficient opportunities to develop required clinical competencies. Peer learning can assist students in achieving learning objectives through efficient and effective use of limited resources. In this study the perceptions of students and clinical instructors in their use of peer learning are described. A qualitative descriptive design with semi-structured interviews was used. A convenience sample included nursing students (n=10) and clinical instructors (n=2). Participants had overall positive experiences with formalized peer learning. The novelty of a learning approach, support, communication and the facilitation of learning were the common emerging main themes; with several subthemes also identified. The results highlighted how the learning process was influenced by the students' status as novice nurses and how peer learning provided much needed emotional and physical support. Implications for clinical education are discussed.

We have explored the use of peer learning in a large, introductory data structures course within our computer science curriculum. The principal peer learning activities are group programming projects where each student group is assisted by a trained upper-class undergraduate peer learning assistant (PLA). The PLAs are consultants to the group to help facilitate group interaction and support group and individual questions. This paper describes the use of group programming projects in the course and studies their use in three instances of the course over a four year period. Each of these courses was taught by the same professor during the same time in each academic year. Each course was taught with the same group programming project model, but with variations in the number of students, how the groups were organized and the number of PLAs that were used. Overall, we feel the introduction of group programming projects in this large introductory course has been beneficial to students, PLAs, TAs and faculty. The students are able to legitimately work with peers to solve problems and learn the material. Peers are more able to provide a student perspective in answering questions. The results shown, in the paper indicate the long-term viability of such an approach. The approach has continued to rate well with students through variations in how it is used.

The peer learning approach begins with a mindset, moves to behaviors, and ends with results. Oneʼs need for peer learning behaviors increases as the situation becomes less routine, the stakes become higher, emotions become more intense, points of views increasingly differ, or something unexpected happens. The teacher is no longer the only master of knowledge. He accompanies the students in search of information and has the role of teaching them how to manage the flow of information. The aim of the paper is to explore the use of peer learning, ways of optimization, and issues that need to be considered by teachers and pupils.

A working group is likely to have a large influence on strengthening student motivation for entrepreneurship development. In a work group, there must be participants who are dominant or less dominant, where members from one another support and motivate each other for the success of the final results of group work. It is inspiring for researchers to find out whether the effects in working group dominance models can boost their level of motivation in entrepreneurship. This study aims to analyze the results of dominance by peer learning on other students in the work group and see the effect of peer learning on entrepreneurial motivation. The research method used was a quantitative method of experimentation with One group pre test ? post test with a sample of 60 students in the 8th semester of the English Language Education program. Based on the research data presented, it can be seen in general that the values of entrepreneurial motivation and in each group tends to increase after peer learning. The average value of the pretest is 67.1 while the posttest value is 77, then after the t test (t-test) is obtained the value of t<sub>count</sub>, 6.967> t<sub>table</sub>, 2,000, this means that the research hypothesis has the influence of the use of peer learning on accepted student entrepreneurial motivation . The conclusion of this study is that there is a significant effect of peer learning on the motivation of student entrepreneurship with the best increase in motivation is the mixed group

Background:Peer learning is an educational process wherein someone of the same age or level of experience level interacts with other students interested in the same topic. There is limited evidence specifically focusing on the practical use of peer learning in Iran. The aim of this study was to explore nursing students’ experiences of peer learning in clinical practice.Materials and Methods:A qualitative content analysis was conducted. Focus groups were used to find the students’ experiences about peerlearning. Twenty-eight baccalaureate nursing students at Bushehr University of Medical Sciences were selected purposively, and were arranged in four groups of seven students each. The focus group interviews were conducted using a semi-structured interview schedule. All interviews were tape-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using conventional content analysis method.Results:The analysis identified four themes: Paradoxical dualism, peer exploitation, first learning efficacy, and socialization practice. Gained advantages and perceived disadvantages created paradoxical dualism, and peer exploitation resulted from peer selection and peer training.Conclusion:Nursing students reported general satisfaction concerning peer learning due to much more in-depth learning with little stress than conventional learning methods. Peer learning is a useful method for nursing students for practicing educational leadership and learning the clinical skills before they get a job.

The author has explored the use of peer learning in a large, introductory data structures course within a computer science curriculum. The principal peer learning activities are group programming projects where each student group gains first-hand experience in working with others and putting into practice the basic concepts of software design and engineering. The paper describes the use of group programming projects in the course and provides the experience with them in three instances of the course over a four year period. Overall, they have found the introduction of group programming projects in this large introductory course to be beneficial to students in gaining first-hand experience with a large programming project, which both motivates the need for and provides initial experience with good software engineering principles.

BackgroundThe flipped-classroom model is increasingly being adopted in competency-based medical education. However, it poses a major challenge to students who have not mastered self-regulated learning strategies. This study explores which self-regulated learning skills affect student learning performance in the first 2 years of medical school at a university in the midwestern United States.MethodsSurvey data were used to assess how 146 first- and second-year medical students’ use of self-regulated learning strategies affected their performance on standardized tests.ResultsBased on the results of regression analysis and content analysis, it was found that the use of peer learning and help-seeking positively affected the performance of first- and second-year students, respectively; whereas the use of rehearsal had a negative effect on student learning outcomes.ConclusionsThe study findings imply that during the transition period from traditional lecture-intensive learning to flipped-classroom learning, promoting peer learning and help-seeking could significantly improve students’ academic achievement.

This paper examines the use of peer learning in students’ success at the Higher Technical Teachers’ Training College in Kumba, Cameroon. The study uses a quantitative descriptive data to determine the effectiveness of peer learning amongst students through the impact of study groups and peer tutoring on students’ achievement. The study employed the descriptive survey design. Participants of the study were made up of 234 students drawn from both the first and second cycles of the 14 departments of the Technical Teachers’ Training College (HTTTC), Kumba. The study sought to find out the effects of study groups and peer tutoring on students’ achievement at HTTTC, Kumba. A structured questionnaire was used as the instrument for data collection. The data collected was analyzed descriptively using frequencies and percentages computed with the help of the SPSS V.20.0. Evidence from students’ responses indicated that the importance of studying in groups with classmates and peer tutoring by other students in the success of their end-of-semester and final examinations cannot be overemphasized. By providing these learning environments in schools, students are able to form a cohesive group where they can express their ideas and help each other succeed. Based on the study findings, it is recommended that students who are more knowledgeable and have a good mastery of the subject or the concepts taught be paired by the teacher with other students for group work, class discussions and more purposeful structured learning. Teachers should also take advantage of the peer tutoring technique to encourage student-teachers to work in small mixed ability groups that will allow everyone whether fast or slow to share their ideas and build knowledge as well as interpersonal skills in the training process.

ABSTRACTThe scholarship of teaching and learning in higher education is concerned with advancing pedagogical knowledge and teaching practice to improve student learning and associated outcomes in higher education. This study used data from the Wabash National Study of Liberal Arts Education to examine the effects of peer learning experiences on gains in psychological well-being after four years of college. Results indicate a significant, positive influence of peer learning on the Ryff scale of psychological well-being [Ryff, C. D., and C. L. Keyes. (1995). “The Structure of Psychological Well-Being Revisited.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 69 (4): 719–726]. In addition, peer learning had a significant positive effect on all but one of the Ryff well-being subscales (autonomy, environmental mastery, personal growth, positive relations with others, purpose in life, and self-acceptance). This research supports the use of peer learning as an important pedagogical practice.