Abstract
A description of a novel symmetrical nose-only inhalation chamber for small animals is presented. The chamber utilizes a circular design and a round baffle plate around which the test atmosphere is evenly drawn in order to expose each symmetrically placed animal port to equivalent gas concentrations without exposing animals to each other's expired gases. The nose-only mode may be more suitable for inhalation exposures as compared to whole-body exposures which allow skin contamination and possible aerosol ingestion through preening habits. Evidence is presented that nose-only exposure which requires animal restraint is no more stressful than freely-caged exposure as measured by total peripheral white blood cell counts and the ease of animal entry into the restraining tubes. Applications of the exposure system are described for the case of pure formaldehyde vapor generation. The method of formaldehyde generation entails heating solid paraformaldehyde polymer in a mineral oil bath and diluting with filtered ...
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