Abstract
The nymph and reared male and female of a new ephemerellid species, which was collected from southern China and named Teloganopsis setosa Zhou, sp. n., are described. The nymph is unique because of its long and dense setae on labrum, mandibles, maxillae, labium, and forelegs as well as the elongated segments II of labial palpi and expanded paraglossae. The male can be differentiated from close relatives by its larger penis lobes with dorsolateral projections, and the more pigmented tergum IV and caudal filaments. The nymph described in this paper represents a new adaptive and ecological type in the family Ephemerellidae.
Highlights
Before being placed on the stage of the scanning electron microscope (SEM) for photographs, they were prepared with a standard protocol: fixed in 4% glutaraldehyde for 4–8 hours, rinsed with PBS 2–3 times (10–15 minutes each), dehydrated in concentration gradient acetone (30%, 50%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 100%, 10 to 15 minutes each), and coated with gold film in a vacuum
Mayflies with setaceous mouthparts, elongated maxillary labial palpi, and long setae on the forelegs have been found in several lineages in the order Ephemeroptera, such as Isonychia (Isonychiidae), Nathanella (Leptophlebiidae), Rhoenanthus (Potamanthidae), Oligoneuriella (Oligoneuriidae), Tricorythus (Tricorythidae), and Clypeocaenis (Caenidae)
The setaceous mouthparts and brush-like maxillae are found in T. punctisetae at least, so there is no need to erect a new generic level for it
Summary
Ubero-Pascal and Sartori (2009) revised this genus and placed 15 species into it. The nymphs of this genus include several ecological and adaptive types, each with differing morphologies, especially mouthparts. They may be filter-feeders using maxillae (like Uracanthella), biters or shredders (Amurella), or cutters and predators having enlarged mandibles (Kangella). The setaceous mouthparts and forelegs show this species can filter particle food items in running water
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