Abstract
Abstract This study presents the most comprehensive systematic revision of the genus Lutreolina to date, by means of genetic (mitochondrial DNA of 22 specimens) and morphologic (assessment of 262 specimens) evidence. Molecular analyses were based on cytochrome-b gene sequences from 22 individuals collected at 18 localities from Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay, which are currently allocated to L. crassicaudata. Results indicate that Lutreolina has sharp phylogeographic structure, with 2 reciprocally monophyletic groups (2.7% divergent, whereas intraclade variation is minimal) occurring east and west of the Dry Chaco, where Lutreolina is absent. The eastern clade includes populations from eastern Paraguay, northeastern central Argentina, southern Brazil, and Uruguay. These populations were traditionally allocated to the subspecies L. c. crassicaudata and L. c. paranalis, whose monophyly is not supported in our study. Therefore, eastern populations are all assigned here to the nominotypic s...
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