Abstract
A relation between abdominal obesity and colorectal tumor development has been reported repeatedly, and is believed to be more remarkable in man than in women. However, the details vary depending on scientific reports. This may be due at least partly to the selected surface anthropometric index in addition to the influence of gender and ethnic groups. To cope with this, we considered a new index of abdominal obesity and evaluated its risk prediction potential. Six hundred ninety five Japanese (262 women and 433 men) who had a colonoscopy were studied. The new index was named as waist circumference to height index (WHI) and was calculated by the formula of waist circumference (cm)/height (m)/height (m). Biochemical and lifestyle factors were investigated preceding the colonoscopy. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS for Windows. Increase of WHI was associated with altered metabolism of carbohydrate and lipid in both women and men. WHI was positively related with the development of colon tumor of women, while not with that of men. Logistic regression analysis performed for stratified age groups (45-54, 55-64 and 65-74 years) showed that WHI significantly increased odds ratio to 1.31 (CI 1.05-1.64 p=0.01) in women of 55-65 years. In contrast, in men this index WHI reduced the odds ratio insignificantly, while low density lipoprotein and triglyceride significantly increased the odds ratio to 1.01 (CI 1.00-1.03 p=0.02) in the 55-65 year group and to 1.02 (CI 1.00-1.03 p=0.02) in the 45-55 year group. In Japanese the risk factors for colon tumor development are different between women and men. WHI is a simple and efficient predictor of colon tumor risk in Japanese women and may be used to select those who should have colonoscopy.
Highlights
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide
In European Americans waist circumference (WC) is strongly associated with colon adenoma, while in African Americans waist-to-hip ratio is the only index associated with colon adenoma (Wise et al, 2008; Thompson et al, 2012)
As shown in the present study, waist circumference to height index (WHI) is a simple yet effective predictor of colon tumor risk in Japanese, and its effectiveness appears to be superior to body mass index (BMI) and WC
Summary
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide. Incidence rates vary by up to 25-fold among countries, with the highest rates observed in North America, Australia, and Western Europe and the lowest rates in Africa and Asia (Parkin et al, 2002). In European Americans WC is strongly associated with colon adenoma, while in African Americans waist-to-hip ratio is the only index associated with colon adenoma (Wise et al, 2008; Thompson et al, 2012) These may suggest that in addition to different environmental conditions and hereditary factors the selection of anthropometric indices to substitute abdominal obesity may have profound effects on the prediction of colon cancer risk. The details vary depending on scientific reports This may be due at least partly to the selected surface anthropometric index in addition to the influence of gender and ethnic groups. Conclusions: In Japanese the risk factors for colon tumor development are different between women and men. WHI is a simple and efficient predictor of colon tumor risk in Japanese women and may be used to select those who should have colonoscopy
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