Abstract
This chapter addresses the problem of controlling single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic system through a full bridge inverter with L-filter. The control objectives are threefold: (i) forcing the voltage in the output of photovoltaic panel to track a reference. This reference has been obtained from the maximum power point tracking strategy; (ii) guaranteeing a tight regulation of the DC-link voltage; and (iii) ensuring a satisfactory power factor correction (PFC) at the grid such as the currents injected must be sinusoidal with the same frequency and the same phase as the grid voltage. The considered control problem entails several difficulties including: (i) the high dimension and strong nonlinearity of the system; (ii) the changes in atmospheric conditions. The problem is dealt with by designing a synthesized nonlinear multi-loop controller using singular perturbation technique, in which a three-time-scale dynamics is artificially induced in the closed-loop system. A formal analysis based on the three-time-scale singular perturbation technique and the averaging theory is developed to proved that all control objectives are asymptotically achieved up to small harmonic errors (ripples). The performance of the proposed approach and its strong robustness with respect to climate changes are evaluated based on the various simulations results carried out under Matlab/Simulink software.
Highlights
Due to dramatic increase in energy consumption and thrust to reduce carbon and greenhouse gas emissions from the traditional electric power generation systems, photovoltaic (PV) power generators have gained a great popularity in recent years
It consists of the following components: (i) a photovoltaic array which consists of an arrangement of Ns-series and Np-parallel strings; (ii) an input capacitor Cpv and a DC-DC boost converter used to increase the voltage level and achieve maximum power point tracking (MPPT) for photovoltaic array; (iii) a DC link capacitor Cdc; and (iv) a single-phase full-bridge inverter including four power semiconductors with L filter that is used to provide the energy to the grid and ensure power factor correction
As the fast dynamic subsystem (FDS) (39) is nonlinear, the stability properties of its equilibrium can be checked through the analysis of the Jacobian matrix of the linearized version defined as follows
Summary
Due to dramatic increase in energy consumption and thrust to reduce carbon and greenhouse gas emissions from the traditional electric power generation systems, photovoltaic (PV) power generators have gained a great popularity in recent years. The control objectives are threefold: (i) achieving the MPPT for the PV array; (ii) ensuring a tight regulation of the DC-link voltage; and (iii) ensuring a grid connection with unity power factor (PF). These objectives must be met despite changes of the climatic variables (temperature and radiation). A theoretical stability analysis, for the closed-loop system, is provided using the three-time-scale singular perturbation technique [23, 24] and averaging technique A theoretical analysis will prove, using three-time-scale singular perturbation and averaging technique, that the desired multiple objectives are achieved Such a formal analysis was missing in the previous works [12–15].
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