Abstract

The authors wish to acknowledge financial support from the ExoMet Project, which is co-funded by the European Commission in the 7th Framework Programme (contract FP7-NMP3-LA-2012-280421), by the European Space Agency and by the individual partner organisations.

Highlights

  • Grain refinement is an important practice assuring the quality of metal castings, e.g., by reducing casting defects and improving the properties for downstream processing

  • This paper investigates the grain refining efficiency of an Al-Zr-Ti intermetallic feedstock alloy manufactured by salt-assisted synthesis

  • At the same time, when 0.2 wt.% Zr was added by MA2, the grain size was 260 lm ± 35 lm, and ultrasonication reduced it

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Summary

Introduction

Grain refinement is an important practice assuring the quality of metal castings, e.g., by reducing casting defects and improving the properties for downstream processing. One major drawback of Al-Ti-B master alloys is the agglomeration of TiB2 particles in the melt during master alloy addition, which may affect the quality of the cast metal and create defects in the casting. Another is the limited efficiency in high-Si alloys due to the ‘‘poisoning’’ of TiB2.2 Direct alloying with highgrowth restriction elements such as Ti and V provides grain refinement in Al but this requires high addition rates (0.15–0.35 wt.%) and is expensive. Several studies have identified intermetallic compounds such as Al3Ti, Al3Nb, and Al3Sc in aluminum alloys that may act as efficient nucleation sites during solidification.[1,3,4]

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