Abstract
BackgroundDisease-related malnutrition is associated with adverse outcomes such as increased rates of morbidity and mortality, prolonged hospital stay, and extra costs of health care. This study was conducted to assess nutritional status among patients and to determine the risk factors for malnutrition in Iran university f.MethodsPersian Nutritional Survey In Hospitals (PNSI) was a cross-sectional study that conducted in 20 university hospitals across Iran. All the patients with age range of 18 to 65 years, who were admitted or discharged, were assessed by subjective global assessment (SGA).ResultsIn total, 2109 patients were evaluated for malnutrition. Mean values of age and body mass index were 44.68 ± 14.65 years and 25.44 ± 6.25 kg/m2, respectively. Malnutrition (SGA-B & C) was identified in 23.92% of the patients, 26.23 and 21% of whom were among the admitted and discharged patients, respectively. The highest prevalence of malnutrition was in burns (77.70%) and heart surgery (57.84%) patients. Multivariate analysis presented male gender (OR = 1.02, P < 0.00), malignant disease (OR = 1.40, P < 0.00), length of hospital stay (OR = 1.20, P < 0.00), and polypharmacy (OR = 1.06, P < 0.00) as independent risk factors for malnutrition. Malnutrition was not associated with age (P = 0.10).ConclusionThis study provides an overall and comprehensive illustration of hospital malnutrition in Iran university hospitals, finding that one out of four patients were malnourished; thus, appropriate consideration and measures should be taken to this issue.
Highlights
Disease-related malnutrition is associated with adverse outcomes such as increased rates of morbidity and mortality, prolonged hospital stay, and extra costs of health care
There are different reports of malnutrition prevalence in Iran, Hosseini reported 5.7% of patients on admission and 11% of discharged patients had malnutrition based on body mass index (BMI) ≤18.5 kg/m2 [11]
The prevalence of malnutrition among the cancer patients was reported as 53.1%, out of which 29.1% had moderate and 24% had severe malnutrition based on PGSGA [12]
Summary
Disease-related malnutrition is associated with adverse outcomes such as increased rates of morbidity and mortality, prolonged hospital stay, and extra costs of health care. Disease-related malnutrition is associated with adverse outcomes such as increased rates of morbidity and mortality, prolonged hospital stay, impaired wound healing, high readmission rate, and increased costs for health care [1,2,3,4]. Another study reported that 23% of admitted patients had mild to moderate malnutrition and 6% had severe malnutrition based on SGA [14]. A recent study reported malnutrition rate of 32.62% by Nutrition Risk in Critically ill (NUTRIC) score (included of 1321) in ICU patients of Iran hospitals [15]
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