Abstract
In order to meet the user’s electricity demand and make full use of distributed energy, a hybrid energy system (HES) was proposed and designed, including wind turbines (WTs), photovoltaic (PV) power generation, conventional gas turbines (CGTs), incentive-based demand response (IBDR), combined heat and power (CHP) and regenerative electric (RE) boilers. Then, the collaborative operation problem of HES is discussed. First, the paper describes the HES’ basic structure and presents the output model of power sources and heating sources. Next, the maximum operating income and minimum load fluctuation are taken as the objective function, and a multi-objective model of HES scheduling is proposed. Then an algorithm for solving the model is proposed that comprises two steps: processing the objective functions and constraints into linear equations and determining the optimal weight of the objective functions. The selected simulation system is a microgrid located on an eastern island of China to comparatively analyze the influence of RE-heating storage (RE-HS) and price-based demand response (PBDR) on HES operation in relation to four cases. By analyzing the results, the following three conclusions are drawn: (1) HES can comprehensively utilize a variety of distributed energy sources to meet load demand. In particular, RE technology can convert the abandoned energy of WT and PV into heat during the valley load time, to meet the load demand combined with CHP; (2) The proposed multi-objective scheduling model of HES operation not only considers the maximum operating income but also considers the minimum load fluctuation, thus achieving the optimal balancing operation; (3) RE-HS and PBDR have a synergistic optimization effect, and when RE-HS and PBDR are both applied, an HES can achieve optimal operation results. Overall, the proposed decision method is highly effective and applicable, and decision makers could utilize this method to design an optimal HES operation strategy according to their own actual conditions.
Highlights
Nowadays, energy and environmental pollution problems are getting more and more serious and people are paying attention to them
When hybrid energy system (HES) operates without regenerative electric (RE), heating energy is mainly supplied by combined heat and power (CHP)
Under the follow-up electrical load (FTL) mode, the power generated by CHP contributes to the power coordination optimization scheduling
Summary
Energy and environmental pollution problems are getting more and more serious and people are paying attention to them. With the development of regenerative electric (RE) boiler technology, clean energy is no longer only used for power generation. Combined heat and power (CHP) units are rapidly being more widely adopted due to the advantages of energy saving and environment friendliness [1]. Due to the disadvantages of distributed energy sources, such as small capacity, intermittent availability, and dispersivity, they cannot be used in the electricity market alone, while the characteristics of CHP power generation closely combine with the supply of heating reduce the flexibility [2]. The effective management of wind turbines (WTs), photovoltaic (PV) systems, and other distributed energy sources as well as CHP systems is urgently required to meet the current energy system needs and meeting this requirement has important theoretical and practical significance
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