A Monochromatic Optical Analytical Study of a Stepped Refractive Index Shell Spherical Polymeric Lens

Abstract

The GRIN (gradient refractive index) Luneburg lens cannot be used in visible region applications including imaging systems and in the integrated photonic lens as static concentric symmetry lenses. Furthermore, in order to obtain free monochromatic aberration, the ray must be focused on the lens's rear surface. As a result, the detector must be movable on the rear surface. Technically, this procedure is difficult. This work presented a straightforward and practical method based on the usage of a double shell gradient stepped index of symmetry concentric polymeric lens (SCPL). The obtained results revealed that the proposed lens can be used in the visible region, as well as the shifting of the focus point from the lens's rear surface. The (SCPL) lens was optically evaluated using the trigonometric ray tracing method. The evaluation was performed using a mathematical iterative method applied in MATLAB program. The iterative method was used to determine the best shell thicknesses of shelled ball lens (double shell) for constructing the (SCPL) parameters. The constructive parameters were examined using the ZEMAX optical design program for infinite conjugate conditions and monochromatic wavelength. According to the analysis results, the Sterhl ratio is greater than (0.97), and the total transverse aberration coefficients are approaching zero.