Abstract
A momentum-based method is proposed to measure the mass concentration of solids in pneumatic pipelines. The mechanism relies on the fact that particles flowing with the fluid will exert drag force and thus induce pressure increase on the fluid phase when they decelerate as approaching a static object or space in the flow domain. The pressure increase is expected to increase with the mass concentration of particles and the fluid velocity, and is also affected by the particles size and density. A conversion factor that indicates the extent to which particle momentum is converted to the fluid static pressure increase was defined. Computational verification of the mechanism was carried out with pulverized coal flow around a one-end closed tube with its opening facing towards the incoming flow. The pressure increase was quantitatively comparable to the fluid dynamic pressure when the solid-to-fluid mass ratio was of the same order of magnitude. The conversion factor was found insensitive to particle size over a wide range, which is advantageous since particle size distribution are usually not known in advance. Compared to most existing techniques, current mechanism is more robust and economic in industry field measurements.
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