Abstract
The architecture of Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) provides airborne software with a robust temporal partitioning mechanism, which achieves the reliable fault containment between avionics applications. However, the partition scheduling of an IMA system is a complex nonlinear non-convex optimization problem, making it difficult to solve the optimal temporal allocation for partitions using traditional analytical methods. This paper presents a model-based approach to optimizing the partition scheduling of IMA systems, whose temporal behavior is modeled as a network of timed automata. Given a system model, the optimizer employs a parallel genetic algorithm to search for the optimal partition resource parameters with respect to minimum processor occupancy. For each promising parameter combination, the schedulability constraints and processor occupancy of the system are precisely evaluated by Classical and Statistical Model Checking (i.e., CMC and SMC), respectively. We also apply SMC hypothesis testing to the fast falsification of non-schedulable solutions, thereby speeding up the schedulability verification based on CMC. Two case studies demonstrate that our proposed approach outperforms classical analytical methods on the processor occupancy of typical IMA systems.
Highlights
As the microprocessor technology advances considerably over recent years, there is a growing trend towards integrating more airborne real-time applications into a generalized COTS computer in the avionics industry [1]
The temporal partitioning features of integrated modular avionics (IMA) are commonly characterized as a two-level hierarchical scheduling system, where partitions are scheduled by a time division multiplexing (TDM) global scheduler on the basis of a periodic resource model, and the local scheduler of a partition manages its internal tasks in accordance with their priorities [3]
The partition scheduling of IMA systems presents a challenge to traditional analytical methods, which introduce various oversimplifications into this complex nonlinear non-convex optimization problem, leading to unnecessary waste of processor time
Summary
As the microprocessor technology advances considerably over recent years, there is a growing trend towards integrating more airborne real-time applications into a generalized COTS (commercial off-the-shelf) computer in the avionics industry [1]. The temporal partitioning features of IMA are commonly characterized as a two-level hierarchical scheduling system, where partitions are scheduled by a time division multiplexing (TDM) global scheduler on the basis of a periodic resource model, and the local scheduler of a partition manages its internal tasks in accordance with their priorities [3]. From this perspective, the partition scheduling problem of an IMA system is to find the optimal parameters of partition resource model that
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