A Mini Review on Arsenic and Cadmium Ion Detection Using Fluorescent-Colorimetric Sensors

Abstract

Heavy metals with high atomic numbers, mass, and density are five times greater than water. They are naturally occurring elements and widely distributed in the environment due to their numerous applications like agricultural, industrial, domestic, technological, and medical fields increasing issues about their potential impact on the environment and human health. In this mini review, we focused on cadmium and arsenic metals. Cadmium is also the non-essential toxic heavy metal element found naturally in the earth's crust, and it is easily affected by plants’ movements through the food cycle and also causes harm to live beings. Arsenic is a common element found in low amounts in almost all environmental compartments. Chemosensors play a pivotal role in environmental and analytical chemistry. Chemosensors can detect enzymes, anions, and hazardous heavy metal ions with excellent selectivity and sensitivity at a low cost. Colorimetric chemosensors are instruments that convert chemical data into analytically relevant signals that can be viewed with the naked eye. Fluorescent-based chemosensors for cations, anions, and neutral analytes have been used in a wide range of applications.