Abstract
A Markov model is developed for pollinator constancy and the results of competition for pollinator services, based on the assumption that the general success of each species is dependent only on its success in that competition, and other factors are held equal. The basic conclusion is that the relative frequencies of two competing plant species are not changed if the pollinator is equally constant on each, but the frequency of a species in a mixed colony is likely to be reduced, possibly to elimination, if the pollinator shows less constancy on it than on its competitor. If the levels of pollinator constancy are correlated positively with the frequencies of the competing plants, the less frequent species would be at a marked disadvantage. The necessary conditions for this event seem rarely, if at all, to be experienced, however. If the two species produce a hybrid of reduced viability or fertility, pollinator constancy reduces the frequency of interspecific visits and permits development of premating isol...
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