Abstract
We show that a very precise neutrino/anti-neutrino event separation is not mandatory to cover the physics program of a low energy neutrino factory and thus non-magnetized detectors like water Cerenkov or liquid Argon detectors can be used. We point out, that oscillation itself strongly enhances the signal to noise ratio of a wrong sign muon search, provided there is sufficiently accurate neutrino energy reconstruction. Further, we argue that apart from a magnetic field, other means to distinguish neutrino from anti-neutrino events (at least statistically) can be explored. Combined with the fact that non-magnetic detectors potentially can be made very big, we show that modest neutrino/anti-neutrino separations at the level of 50% to 90% are sufficient to obtain good sensitivity to CP violation and the neutrino mass hierarchy for sin22θ13>10−3. These non-magnetized detectors have a rich physics program outside the context of a neutrino factory, including topics like supernova neutrinos and proton decay. Hence, our observation opens the possibility to use a multi-purpose detector also in a neutrino factory beam.
Highlights
A neutrino factory is a neutrino source based on the decay of muons stored in a decay ring with long straight sections [1]
For the following results we considered three types of detectors: a totally active magnetized scintillator detector (TASD) [5], a megaton scale water Cerenkov (WC) detector [28, 29, 30], and a liquid Argon time projection chamber (LAr) [31]
For LAr the better energy resolution largely allows to compensate the smaller mass and for a somewhat larger value of p = 0.9 it is more or less equivalent to the WC with p = 0.7. These results clearly demonstrate that non-magnetized detectors can exploit their relatively larger mass compared to magnetized ones in order to address the same physics in a low energy neutrino factory beam
Summary
A neutrino factory is a neutrino source based on the decay of muons stored in a decay ring with long straight sections [1]. Comprehensive review, see [2, 3, 4] It has been realized, that a traditional neutrino factory does not perform very well for large values of sin2 2θ13 > 10−2 and a so-called “low energy” neutrino factory has been proposed [5, 6] with a muon energy of around 5 GeV, see [7]. Combined with the fact that such detectors potentially can be made very big, we show that modest charge identification abilities (at the level of 50% to 90%) are enough to be competitive with the above mentioned magnetized TASD detector These non-magnetized detectors have a vast physics program outside the context of a neutrino factory, including topics like supernova neutrinos and proton decay.
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