Abstract
A low-resistance electrical contact is provided by a liquid metal in a small gap between the perimeter of a rotating disk (rotor) and a static surrounding surface (stator). The liquid metal extends radially inward on both sides of the rotor to free surfaces with an inert cover gas, and there is a strong axial magnetic field. This paper presents results for the shape of the free surface and for the liquid-metal velocity and pressure adjacent to the free surface. The results depend on the magnetic-field strength, the surface tension, the wetting angle at the free-surface–solid intersections, and the voltage difference between the stator and rotor. The copper stator and rotor are perfect conductors compared to the liquid metal. Two cases are considered, with and without electrically insulating coatings on the sides of the rotor.
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